Yellow Bellied Flycatcher

by | Feb 25, 2018 | Flycatchers

How Can We Help?
You are here:
< Back

Original file ‎(991 × 1,303 pixels, file size: 60 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

Description
English: The Violle actinometer
Русский: Актинометр (Violle)
Français : L’actinomètre de Jules Violle sert à déterminer approximativement la température de la surface du Soleil. Jules Violle (1841-1923) était un physicien connu pour ses travaux sur la photométrie, le rayonnement et la calorimétrie. Il publia de nombreux articles sur la détermination de la température effective de la surface du soleil. Sa détermination de la constante solaire à l'aide d'un actinomètre, le conduisit même à faire plusieurs expériences au sommet du Mont Blanc ( 1871-1875).

L'appareil se compose de deux sphères concentriques entre lesquelles on peut soit y placer de la glace, soit faire circuler un courant d’eau chaude ou froide, ou même de la vapeur d’eau, afin d’assurer une température constante de l’enveloppe intérieure. Les deux enveloppes possèdent deux ouvertures sur un même axe permettant aux rayons solaires de traverser l’appareil. Un thermomètre se place au centre de la sphère intérieur par un orifice prévu à cet effet et son bon positionnement peut être vérifié à l’aide d’un miroir fixé sur le support de l'actinomètre et placé à la sortie .

Source : [http://cst.univ-rennes1.fr/themes/lieuxCulture/Les+collections+d%27instruments+de+physique/Les+objets+pr%C3%A9cieux/AutresInstruments/Actinometre/ Olympe Jouet, Axelle Amon, Dominique Bernard Jules Violle’s Actinometer: A Simple Instrument to Deduce the Temperature of the Sun from

Measurements with a Thermometer, XXX Scientific Instrument Symposium, Florence, 2010]
Date between 1880 and 1881
date QS:P,+1880-00-00T00:00:00Z/8,P1319,+1880-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1881-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
Source Popular Science Monthly Volume 18
Author Unknown authorUnknown author
Permission
(Reusing this file)
Public domain

This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer.

You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States.
 Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Honduras has a general copyright term of 75 years, but it does implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).
This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current20:48, 22 February 2014Thumbnail for version as of 20:48, 22 February 2014991 × 1,303 (60 KB)IneuwImproved image contrast
03:39, 19 August 2010Thumbnail for version as of 03:39, 19 August 20101,037 × 1,301 (60 KB)Ineuw{{Information |Description = The Violle actinometer |Source = http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Popular_Science_Monthly_Volume_18.djvu/29 |Date = 1880-1881 |Author = Unknown |Permission = {{PD-old}} |other_versions = }} [[Category:Popular Science
The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):

Global file usage

The following other wikis use this file:

Categories
Table of Contents