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Commonwealth is an English term meaning a political community.

Commonwealth or Common Wealth may also refer to:

Political entities

Commonwealth Government, used to refer to the Australian Government
Commonwealth of Nations, an intergovernmental organisation of 56 member states comprising mostly former British colonies; formerly called British Commonwealth of Nations
Commonwealth of Independent States, an intergovernmental organisation of Post-Soviet republics
Lusophone Commonwealth, officially the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, an intergovernmental organisation consisting of former Portuguese colonies
Commonwealth of England, the republican government ruling England, and later Ireland and Scotland, 1649–1660
Commonwealth realm, a sovereign state which has Charles III as its monarch and head of state
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a constitutional monarchy that ruled Poland, Lithuania and much of Eastern Europe between 1569 and 1795
Common Wealth Party, a former political party in the United Kingdom

The Commonwealth (Pittsburgh), a 19th-century newspaper in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Commonwealth Magazine a web-based publication that covers politics, policy, ideas, and civic life
The Commonwealth, a late-19th century publication of the London branch of the Christian Social Union
The Commonwealth, the official publication of the Commonwealth Club of California

Commonwealth (statue), a 1905 statue on the Pennsylvania State Capitol grounds

Commonwealth (automobile company), a luxury auto company that produced cars from 1917 to 1922
Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation, a former Australian aircraft manufacturer
Commonwealth Athletic Conference, a high school athletic conference in Massachusetts
Commonwealth Bank, an Australian multinational bank
Commonwealth Brands, a tobacco company now called Commonwealth-Altadis, part of Imperial Tobacco
Commonwealth Engineering, a former Australian engineering company
Commonwealth Fund, an American charity promoting health care reform in the United States

Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), a term used for two current and one former self-governing U.S. territories
Commonwealth (U.S. state), a term used by four U.S. states in their full official state names, specifically:
- Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the full name of Massachusetts
- Commonwealth of Kentucky, the full name of Kentucky
- Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the full name of Pennsylvania
- Commonwealth of Virginia, the full name of Virginia
Commonwealth, Virginia, an unincorporated community
Commonwealth, Wisconsin, a town
- Commonwealth (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community within the town
Commonwealth Avenue (disambiguation)
Commonwealth Club Historic District, a private club in Richmond, Virginia

Commonwealth, Singapore, a subzone in Singapore
- Commonwealth MRT station, a metro station along the East West Line in Singapore
Commonwealth Mountain, a mountain on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada
Commonwealth of Australia, the full name of Australia
Commonwealth of the Bahamas, the full name of The Bahamas

HMAS Commonwealth, a Royal Australian Navy shore base located in Kure, Japan from 1948 to 1956
HMS Commonwealth (1903), a Royal Navy battleship from 1905 to 1921