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Bongor Arabic is a Sudanese Arabic-based creole language that serves as a lingua franca in and around the town of Bongor, Chad.[1][2] It is a direct descendant of Turku Arabic, a former lingua franca of Chad.[2]
Main changes
These are some of the main distinctive features of Bongor Arabic:[3]
- long vowels are replaced by short stressed vowels.
- /x/ tends to be replaced by /k/.
- /f/ tends to be replaced by /p/.
- /ʕ/ is lost.
- no gender distinction.
- no definite article (al-/il-).
- no personal affixes on verbs.
- the root system typical to Arabic and other Semitic languages is no longer productive.
Vocabulary
| Bongor[2] | Origin[2] | English |
|---|---|---|
| žurnalíst | From French journaliste | journalist |
| zúska | From French jusqu'à | when; during |
| kalám | From Arabic كلام kalām | speech; to speak |
| wotír | From French voiture | car |
| úsum | From Arabic اسم ism | name |
| wáy | From Arabic واحد wāħid | one |
References
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Bongor Arabic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ a b c d Manfredi, Stefano; Lucas, Christopher (2019). Arabic and Contact-induced Change. Language Science Press. pp. 323–325. ISBN 9783961102518.
- ^ Lafkioui, Mena (2013). African Arabic: Approaches to Dialectology. Germany: De Gruyter. p. 162. ISBN 9783110292343.
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