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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Breton dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.
Consonants | ||
---|---|---|
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
b | bag | best |
x | sac'h | roughly like loch in Scottish English |
ɣ | troc'hañ | Spanish agua |
d | don | doe |
f | fri | face |
ɡ | gad | got |
h | had | hot |
ʒ | jot | measure |
k | kazh | scan |
l | lann | lean |
ʎ | kuilh | roughly like million |
m | mab | mother |
n | noz | need |
ŋ | anken | camping |
ɲ | kignez | roughly like canyon |
p | per | spouse |
r | roue | trilled r |
ʁ | roughly like loch (Scottish English) 'but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic' | |
s | skol | sack |
ʃ | sachañ | shine |
t | tal | sty |
v | aval | view |
z | azen | zeal |
Semivowels | ||
j | yod | yet |
w | gwenn | wet |
ɥ | kuit | like a simultaneous wet and yet |
Vowels | ||
---|---|---|
monophthongs | ||
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
a | kas | trap |
ɑː | tad | bra |
e | boest | hey |
eː | per | |
ɛ | gell | best |
ɛː | berr | red |
i | pik | see |
iː | biz | bee |
o | pok | go |
oː | dor | law (RP and Australian) |
ɔ | korn | off |
ɔː | torr | dog |
y | butun | roughly like Scottish shoot |
yː | uvel | roughly like Scottish shoes, like German über |
ə | ebeul (regional) | roughly like bird (RP) (no r-colouring) |
ø | peulvan | roughly like bird (no r-colouring) |
øː | eur | roughly like herd (no r-colouring), like German schön |
œ | feurm | roughly like hurt (no r-colouring), like French neuf |
u | toull | too |
uː | tour | pool |
Nasals | ||
ã | amzer | roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous |
ãː | anat | |
ẽ | renk | |
ẽː | enez | |
ɛ̃ | peñs | roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ] |
ɛ̃ː | eñvor | |
ĩ | biñs | |
ĩ | fiñval | like Hindi नहीं |
ɔ̃ | tonn | roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ] |
ɔ̃ː | ton | |
ỹ | puñs | |
ỹː | unan | |
œ̃ | feunteun | |
œ̃ː | deun | |
Diphthongs | ||
IPA | Examples | English approximation |
ai | eye | |
oi | boy | |
ɔʊ | botoù | follow |
ei | eil | ray |
au | glav | house |
ɔu | paour | follow |
eu | bev | eh-oo or ey-oo |
wɑ | koad | roughly like water |
we | boued | roughly like way |
ɥi | skuizh | roughly like we |
iu | liv | ee-oo |
Voiced and voiceless alternations
Voiceless | /p/ | /f/ | /t/ | /s/ | /ʃ/ | /k/ | /x/ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Voiced | /b/ | /v/ | /d/ | /z/ | /ʒ/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ |
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