Laoting County (simplified Chinese: 乐亭县; traditional Chinese: 樂亭縣; pinyin: Làotíng Xiàn),[1][2] often mispronounced as Leting County in accordance with the alternative frequently used Mandarin pronunciation, is a county in the northeast of Hebei province, People's Republic of China, facing the Bohai Sea to the east and south. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Tangshan. The county spans an area of 1,308 square kilometres (505 sq mi),[1] and, as of 2017, has a population of approximately 419,100.[3]
History
The area of present-day Laoting County has been inhabited since the Neolithic era.[1] During the time of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the area belonged to the state of Guzhu.[1] During the Qin dynasty, the area was part of Liaoxi Commandery.[1] In the Han and Jin dynasties, it belonged to Ping Prefecture.[1] During the Northern Wei, the area was organized as Lao'an Ting (Chinese: 乐安亭).[1] The area belonged to Macheng County (Chinese: 马城县) during the Tang dynasty.[1]
In 1189, during the Jin dynasty (not to be confused with the earlier, aforementioned Jin dynasty), Laoting County was established, which the area remains organized as to this day.[1]
Geography and climate
Laoting has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with four distinct seasons and some maritime moderation during the summer. Winters are cold and very dry, with a January daily average temperature of −5.8 °C (21.6 °F), while summers are hot and humid, with a July daily average temperature of 24.9 °C (76.8 °F). The annual mean temperature is 10.59 °C (51.06 °F). With the monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 45% in July to 65% in October, the area receives 2,588 hours of bright sunshine per year. A majority of the annual rainfall occurs in July and August alone.
| Climate data for Laoting County (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1956–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
19.0 (66.2) |
25.5 (77.9) |
30.5 (86.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
37.9 (100.2) |
38.7 (101.7) |
36.0 (96.8) |
34.6 (94.3) |
29.5 (85.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
13.6 (56.5) |
38.7 (101.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) |
4.6 (40.3) |
11.0 (51.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
24.6 (76.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.7 (85.5) |
26.2 (79.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
2.9 (37.2) |
17.2 (62.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.3 (24.3) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
5.0 (41.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.9 (73.2) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.3 (77.5) |
20.8 (69.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.5 (16.7) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
0.4 (32.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
0.4 (32.7) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
7.4 (45.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −23.7 (−10.7) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
2.0 (35.6) |
8.0 (46.4) |
13.2 (55.8) |
8.9 (48.0) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−20.6 (−5.1) |
−23.7 (−10.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.9 (0.11) |
5.8 (0.23) |
7.6 (0.30) |
21.4 (0.84) |
46.0 (1.81) |
80.9 (3.19) |
148.0 (5.83) |
149.5 (5.89) |
51.9 (2.04) |
33.0 (1.30) |
12.7 (0.50) |
4.5 (0.18) |
564.2 (22.22) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 8.8 | 10.1 | 8.8 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 62.7 |
| Average snowy days | 3.0 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 11.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 57 | 54 | 54 | 59 | 70 | 78 | 79 | 71 | 65 | 62 | 58 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 179.9 | 180.5 | 229.4 | 242.7 | 267.1 | 228.0 | 192.8 | 203.7 | 215.9 | 204.1 | 167.7 | 164.9 | 2,476.7 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 59 | 59 | 62 | 61 | 60 | 51 | 43 | 49 | 59 | 60 | 57 | 57 | 56 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
The county administers 1 subdistrict, 11 towns, 2 townships, and 2 other township-level divisions.[7]
The county's sole subdistrict is Lao'an Subdistrict.[7]
The county's 11 towns are Laoting, Tangjiahe, Hujiatuo, Yangezhuang, Matouying, Xinzhai, Tingliuhe, Jianggezhuang, Maozhuang, Zhongbao, and Daxianggezhuang.[7]
The county's 2 townships are Panggezhuang Township and Guhe Township.[7]
Laoting County also administers the township-level divisions of the Hebei Laoting Economic Development Zone (Chinese: 河北乐亭经济开发区) and the Laoting County Urban Industrial Assembly Area (Chinese: 乐亭县城区工业聚集区).[7]
Demographics
As of 2017, it has a population of approximately 419,100.[3] About 112,300 people (26.80% of the population) are aged 60 and older, while 72,700 (17.35%) are 65 and older.[3] The county had 3,358 births in 2017, and 3,183 deaths, giving it a rate of natural increase of 0.41‰ (per mille).[3]
The county's population comprises 30 different recognized ethnic groups, of which, about 6,000 (1.43%) belong to ethnic minorities.[3] Sizeable ethnic minority groups in Laoting County include the Manchu, the Hui, and the Mongols.[3]
Economy
Per a 2020 government publication, urban residents have a per capita disposable income of 36,980 renminbi (RMB), an 8.5% increase from the previous year, while rural residents average a disposable income of 17,570 RMB, a 9.2% year-over-year increase.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j 县情简介 [County Introduction]. laoting.gov.cn (in Chinese). The Laoting County People's Government. 2020-06-02. Archived from the original on 2021-01-21.
- ^ 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本.
ㄌㄠˋ{...}地名用字。如大陸地區河北省有樂亭
- ^ a b c d e f 人口民族宗教 [Population, Ethnicity, and Religion]. laoting.gov.cn (in Chinese). The People's Government of Laoting County. 2019-05-29. Archived from the original on 2021-01-21.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
- ^ a b c d e 2022年统计用区划代码（乐亭县） [2022 Statistical Division Codes (Laoting County)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2022. Archived from the original on 2024-07-05. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
External links
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