Iodine monofluoride is an interhalogen compound of iodine and fluorine with formula IF. It is a chocolate-brown solid that decomposes at 0 °C,[1] disproportionating to elemental iodine and iodine pentafluoride:
- 5 IF → 2 I2 + IF5
However, its molecular properties can still be precisely determined by spectroscopy: the iodine-fluorine distance is 190.9 pm and the I−F bond dissociation energy is around 277 kJ mol−1. At 298 K, its standard enthalpy change of formation is ΔfH° = −95.4 kJ mol−1, and its Gibbs free energy is ΔfG° = −117.6 kJ mol−1.
It can be generated, albeit only fleetingly, by the reaction of the elements at −45 °C in CCl3F:
- I2 + F2 → 2 IF
It can also be generated by the reaction of iodine with iodine trifluoride at −78 °C in CCl3F:
- I2 + IF3 → 3 IF
The reaction of iodine with silver(I) fluoride at 0 °C also yields iodine monofluoride:
- I2 + AgF → IF + AgI
Reactions
Iodine monofluoride is used to produce pure nitrogen triiodide:[2]
- BN + 3 IF → NI3 + BF3
See also
References
- ^ Eagleson, Mary (1994). Concise Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-011451-5.
- ^ Inis Tornieporth-Oetting; Thomas Klapötke (1990). "Nitrogen Triiodide". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 29 (6). VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: 677–679. doi:10.1002/anie.199006771.
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