Pitcher Plant

Pedro José Ramón Gual Escandón (17 January 1783 – 6 May 1862), was a Venezuelan lawyer, politician, journalist and diplomat.

During the Venezuelan War of Independence he came to the United States to buy weapons for the Patriots. In 1815 he came to stay in the home of Manuel Torres. With Torres and other agents he helped organize General Francisco Xavier Mina's ill-fated expedition to Mexico, with Gual acting as Mina's press agent. Gual was one of the men who signed Gregor MacGregor's commission to invade Spanish Florida thru Amelia Island in 1817, which offended President James Monroe's administration; thereafter he left the U.S.^[1]

In 1824 as chancellor of Great Colombia he negotiated with the U.S. diplomat Richard Clough Anderson Jr. and concluded the Anderson–Gual Treaty, the first bilateral treaty that the U.S. signed with another American state. He was the president of Venezuela for three periods (1858, 1859, and 1861) and a member of the Conservative Centralist party.

See also

• Anderson–Gual Treaty
• Federal War
• Presidents of Venezuela

References

• (in Spanish) "Diccionario de Historia de Venezuela", Fundación Polar, 1997.
• (in Spanish) "Los Presidentes Volumen I/1811-1863" Ramón Urdaneta, Fondo Editorial Venezolano, 1995.
• (in Spanish) Pedro Gual
• (in Spanish) Gran Logia Unida de Venezuela
• (in Spanish) Biography of the Foreign Affairs Ministry
• Acevedo Latorre, Eduardo (1988). Colaboradores de Santander en la Organización de la República [Collaborators of Santander in the Organization of the Republic] (in Spanish). David Bushnell (prologue) (2nd ed.). Bogotá: Fundación para la Conmemoración del Bicentenario del Natalicio y el Sesquicentenario de la Muerte del General Francisco de Paula Santander. p. 409. ISBN 9789586430425. LCCN 89182882. OCLC 19979044. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
• Bowman, Charles H. Jr. (January 1970). "Manuel Torres, a Spanish American Patriot in Philadelphia, 1796–1822". Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 94 (1): 26–53.
• Gil Fortoul, José (1907). "Libro Tercero: Capítulo II: Bolívar y el Ejército de Colombia" [Third Book: Chapter 2: Bolívar and the Colombian Army]. Historia Constitucional de Venezuela [Constitutional History of Venezuela] (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Berlin: Carl Heymanns Verlag. p. 328. LCCN 07024279. OCLC 3721996. Retrieved 12 April 2012.

External links

• (in Spanish) Pedro Gual Biography