Switchgrass – Panicum virgatum

by | Dec 10, 2023 | NE Native Grasses

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22R-Hydroxycholesterol, or (3β)-cholest-5-ene-3,22-diol is an endogenous, metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the steroid hormones from cholesterol.[1][2] Cholesterol ((3β)-cholest-5-en-3-ol) is hydroxylated by cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) to form 22R-hydroxycholesterol, which is subsequently hydroxylated again by P450scc to form 20α,22R-dihydroxycholesterol, and finally the bond between carbons 20 and 22 is cleaved by P450scc to form pregnenolone ((3β)-3-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one),[1][2] the precursor to the steroid hormones.

It is an agonist of the liver X receptor.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b CHAUDHURI AC, HARADA Y, SHIMIZU K, GUT M, DORFMAN RI (March 1962). "Biosynthesis of pregnenolone from 22-hydroxycholesterol". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 237 (3): 703–4. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)60359-X. PMID 13878470.
  2. ^ a b Hume R, Kelly RW, Taylor PL, Boyd GS (May 1984). "The catalytic cycle of cytochrome P-450scc and intermediates in the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone". European Journal of Biochemistry. 140 (3): 583–91. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08142.x. PMID 6723652.


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