Chemical compound
Adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR ) is an ester molecule formed into chains by the enzyme poly ADP ribose polymerase .[1] ADPR is created from cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) by the CD38 enzyme using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) as a cofactor .[1]
ADPR binds to and activates the TRPM2 ion channel.[2] ADPR is the most potent agonist of the TRPM2 channel.[3] cADPR also binds to TPRM2, and the action of both molecules is synergistic , with both molecules enhancing the action of the other molecule in activating the TRPM2 channel.[4] Researchers are not sure how the Adenosine diphosphate reacts with the TRPM2 channel, but the ribose sugar may play a role in activating the TRPM2 ion channel.[5]
See also
References
^ a b Braidy N, Berg J, Clement J, Sachdev P (2019). "Role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and Related Precursors as Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Degenerative Diseases: Rationale, Biochemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Outcomes" . Antioxidants & Redox Signaling . 10 (2): 251–294. doi :10.1089/ars.2017.7269 . PMC 6277084 . PMID 29634344 .
^ Fonfria E, Marshall IC, Benham CD, et al. (September 2004). "TRPM2 channel opening in response to oxidative stress is dependent on activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase" . Br. J. Pharmacol . 143 (1): 186–92. doi :10.1038/sj.bjp.0705914 . PMC 1575275 . PMID 15302683 .
^ Yu P, Cai X, Liang Y, Yang W (2019). "Roles of NAD + and Its Metabolites Regulated Calcium Channels in Cancer" . Molecules . 25 (20): 4826. doi :10.3390/molecules25204826 . PMC 7587972 . PMID 33092205 .
^ Lee HC (2011). "Cyclic ADP-ribose and NAADP: fraternal twin messengers for calcium signaling" . Science China Life Sciences . 54 (8): 699–711. doi :10.1007/s11427-011-4197-3 . PMID 21786193 . S2CID 24286381 .
^ Baszczyňski, Ondřej; Watt, Joanna M.; Rozewitz, Monika D.; Guse, Andreas H.; Fliegert, Ralf; Potter, Barry V. L. (2019). "Synthesis of Terminal Ribose Analogues of Adenosine 5′-Diphosphate Ribose as Probes for the Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel TRPM2" . The Journal of Organic Chemistry . 84 (10): 6143–6157. doi :10.1021/acs.joc.9b00338 . PMC 6528165 . PMID 30978018 .
TRPA
Activators
4-Hydroxynonenal
4-Oxo-2-nonenal
4,5-EET
12S-HpETE
15-Deoxy-Δ12,14 -prostaglandin J2
α-Sanshool (ginger , Sichuan and melegueta peppers )
Acrolein
Allicin (garlic )
Allyl isothiocyanate (mustard , radish , horseradish , wasabi )
AM404
ASP-7663
Bradykinin
Cannabichromene (cannabis )
Cannabidiol (cannabis )
Cannabigerol (cannabis )
Cinnamaldehyde (cinnamon )
CR gas (dibenzoxazepine; DBO)
CS gas (2-chlorobenzal malononitrile)
Cuminaldehyde (cumin )
Curcumin (turmeric )
Dehydroligustilide (celery )
Diallyl disulfide
Dicentrine (Lindera spp.)
Farnesyl thiosalicylic acid
Formalin
Gingerols (ginger )
Hepoxilin A3
Hepoxilin B3
Hydrogen peroxide
Icilin
Isothiocyanate
JT-010
Ligustilide (celery , Angelica acutiloba )
Linalool (Sichuan pepper , thyme )
Methylglyoxal
Methyl salicylate (wintergreen )
N-Methylmaleimide
Nicotine (tobacco )
Oleocanthal (olive oil )
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew )
Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
PF-4840154
Phenacyl chloride
Polygodial (Dorrigo pepper )
Shogaols (ginger , Sichuan and melegueta peppers )
Tear gases
Tetrahydrocannabinol (cannabis )
Tetrahydrocannabiorcol
Thiopropanal S-oxide (onion )
Umbellulone (Umbellularia californica )
WIN 55,212-2
Blockers
TRPC
TRPM
TRPML
TRPP
TRPV
Activators
2-APB
5',6'-EET
9-HODE
9-oxoODE
12S-HETE
12S-HpETE
13-HODE
13-oxoODE
20-HETE
α-Sanshool (ginger , Sichuan and melegueta peppers )
Allicin (garlic )
AM404
Anandamide
Bisandrographolide (Andrographis paniculata )
Camphor (camphor laurel , rosemary , camphorweed , African blue basil , camphor basil )
Cannabidiol (cannabis )
Cannabidivarin (cannabis )
Capsaicin (chili pepper )
Carvacrol (oregano , thyme , pepperwort , wild bergamot , others)
DHEA
Diacyl glycerol
Dihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper )
Estradiol
Eugenol (basil , clove )
Evodiamine (Euodia ruticarpa )
Gingerols (ginger )
GSK1016790A
Heat
Hepoxilin A3
Hepoxilin B3
Homocapsaicin (chili pepper )
Homodihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper )
Incensole (incense )
Lysophosphatidic acid
Low pH (acidic conditions)
Menthol (mint )
N-Arachidonoyl dopamine
N-Oleoyldopamine
N-Oleoylethanolamide
Nonivamide (PAVA) (PAVA spray )
Nordihydrocapsaicin (chili pepper )
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew )
Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
Phenylacetylrinvanil
Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD )
Piperine (black pepper , long pepper )
Polygodial (Dorrigo pepper )
Probenecid
Protons
RhTx
Rutamarin (Ruta graveolens )
Resiniferatoxin (RTX) (Euphorbia resinifera /pooissonii )
Shogaols (ginger , Sichuan and melegueta peppers )
Tetrahydrocannabivarin (cannabis )
Thymol (thyme , oregano )
Tinyatoxin (Euphorbia resinifera /pooissonii )
Tramadol
Vanillin (vanilla )
Zucapsaicin
Blockers
Recent Comments