Elections in Pennsylvania |
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Government |
The 2024 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania is scheduled to take place on Tuesday, November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia will participate. Pennsylvania voters will choose electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote. The state of Pennsylvania has 19 electoral votes in the Electoral College, following reapportionment due to the 2020 United States census in which the state lost a seat.[1]
A purple to slightly blue Northeastern state partly within the Rust Belt, Pennsylvania has not backed a Republican for president by double digits since 1972, when 49-state landslide winner Richard Nixon won it by nearly 20 points; and the last Republican to win the state's electoral votes twice was Ronald Reagan. Between 1992 and 2012, Pennsylvania voted Democrat in every presidential election, although doing so by single-digit margins in each of them apart from Barack Obama's 10.31% victory in 2008. In 2016, Republican Donald Trump (whose home state was neighboring New York in said cycle) narrowly carried the state by 0.72% in his upset sweep of the Rust Belt and the first Republican presidential victory in Pennsylvania since 1988, but four years later lost the state to Democrat Joe Biden — a native Pennsylvanian representing neighboring Delaware — by 1.18% as the latter defeated the former nationwide. Pennsylvania is considered to be a crucial swing state in 2024, with most major news organizations marking it as a tossup.[2]
Primary elections
Democratic primary
The Pennsylvania Democratic presidential primary was held on April 23, 2024.
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Actual delegate count | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pledged | Unpledged | Total | |||
Joe Biden (incumbent) | 926,633 | 88.2% | 159 | 159 | |
Dean Phillips (withdrawn) | 68,310 | 6.5% | |||
Write-in votes | 55,611 | 5.3% | |||
Total: | 1,050,554 | 100.0% | 159 | 27 | 186 |
Source: [3] |
Republican primary
The Pennsylvania Republican presidential primary was held on April 23, 2024.
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Actual delegate count | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bound | Unbound | Total | |||
Donald Trump | 790,690 | 82.8% | 16 | 46 | 62 |
Nikki Haley (withdrawn) | 157,228 | 16.5% | |||
Write-in votes | 10,387 | 1.2% | |||
Unprojected delegates: | 5 | 5 | |||
Total: | 958,305 | 100.0% | 16 | 51 | 67 |
Source: [4] |
General election
Predictions
Source | Ranking | As of |
---|---|---|
The Cook Political Report[5] | Tossup | December 19, 2023 |
Inside Elections[6] | Tossup | April 2024 |
Sabato's Crystal Ball[7] | Tossup | June 13, 2024 |
Decision Desk HQ/The Hill[8] | Tossup | December 14, 2023 |
CNalysis[9] | Tossup | December 30, 2023 |
CNN[10] | Tossup | January 14, 2024 |
The Economist[11] | Lean R (flip) | June 13, 2024 |
538[12] | Tossup | June 11, 2024 |
RCP[13] | Tossup | June 26, 2024 |
Polling
- Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | July 1–5, 2024 | 794 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 44% | 51% | 5% |
Cygnal (R) | June 27–28, 2024 | 800 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 44% | 48% | 8% |
Commonwealth Foundation | June 14–19, 2024 | 800 (RV) | ± 3.46% | 45% | 44% | 12% |
Emerson College | June 13–18, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 47% | 8% |
1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 49%[b] | 51% | – | ||
Mainstreet Research/Florida Atlantic University | May 30–31, 2024 | 1,012 (RV) | ± 3.1% | 43% | 45% | 12% |
923 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 45% | 47% | 8% | ||
Prime Group[A] | May 9–16, 2024 | 487 (RV) | – | 51% | 49% | – |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | May 7–13, 2024 | 812 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 46% | 48% | 6% |
Cook Political Report/BSG (R)/GS Strategy Group (D) | May 6–13, 2024 | 730 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 45% | 48% | 7% |
New York Times/Siena College/Philadelphia Inquirer | April 28 – May 9, 2024 | 1,023 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 44% | 47% | 9% |
1,023 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 45% | 48% | 7% | ||
Fabrizio Ward (R)/Impact Research (D)[B] | April 24–30, 2024 | 1,398 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 49% | 6% |
Emerson College | April 25–29, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 47% | 8% |
1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 49%[b] | 51% | – | ||
CBS News/YouGov | April 19–25, 2024 | 1,288 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 49% | 50% | 1% |
Muhlenberg College | April 15–25, 2024 | 417 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 41% | 44% | 15% |
Fox News | April 11–16, 2024 | 1,141 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 48% | 48% | 4% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | April 8–15, 2024 | 803 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 46% | 47% | 7% |
The Bullfinch Group[C] | March 29 – April 3, 2024 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 38% | 44% | 18%[c] |
Franklin & Marshall College | March 20–31, 2024 | 870 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 48% | 38% | 14% |
Wall Street Journal | March 17–24, 2024 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 44% | 47% | 9% |
Echelon Insights[D] | March 12–19, 2024 | 400 (LV) | ± 5.5% | 45% | 49% | 6% |
CNN/SSRS | March 13–18, 2024 | 1,132 (RV) | ± 3.8% | 46% | 46% | 8% |
Emerson College | March 10–13, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 47% | 10% |
1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 48%[b] | 52% | – | ||
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | March 8–12, 2024 | 807 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 45% | 10% |
Fox News | March 7–11, 2024 | 1,149 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 47% | 49% | 4% |
Susquehanna Polling & Research | February 27 – March 7, 2024 | 450 (LV) | ± 4.6% | 50% | 45% | 5% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | February 12–20, 2024 | 803 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 49% | 8% |
Emerson College | February 14–16, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 45% | 12% |
Chism Strategies | February 6–8, 2024 | 500 (RV) | ± 5.0% | 32% | 40% | 28% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | January 22–25, 2024 | 800 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 42% | 48% | 10% |
Franklin & Marshall College | January 17–28, 2024 | 507 (RV) | ± 5.0% | 43% | 42% | 15% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | January 16–21, 2024 | 795 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 48% | 7% |
Susquehanna Polling & Research | January 15–21, 2024 | 745 (RV) | ± 3.7% | 47% | 39% | 14% |
Quinnipiac University | January 4–8, 2024 | 1,680 (RV) | ± 2.4% | 49% | 46% | 5%[d] |
The Bullfinch Group | December 14–18, 2023 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 45% | 45% | 10% |
Change Research/Future Majority (D) | December 3–7, 2023 | (RVs) | – | 40% | 46% | 14% |
Muhlenberg College | November 20 – December 13, 2023 | 421 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 42% | 41% | 17% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | November 27 – December 6, 2023 | 799 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 44% | 46% | 10% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | October 30 – November 7, 2023 | 805 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 44% | 47% | 9% |
Emerson College | October 30 – November 4, 2023 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 43% | 46% | 11% |
816 (LV) | – | 45% | 49% | 6% | ||
New York Times/Siena College | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.6% | 44% | 48% | 8% |
Franklin & Marshall College | October 11–22, 2023 | 873 (RV) | ± 4.1% | 44% | 42% | 14% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | October 5–10, 2023 | 807 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 46% | 9% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 7–9, 2023 | 900 (LV) | – | 43% | 42% | 15% |
Emerson College | October 1–4, 2023 | 430 (RV) | ± 4.7% | 36% | 45% | 19% |
Quinnipiac University | September 28 – October 2, 2023 | 1,725 (RV) | ± 2.4% | 45% | 47% | 8% |
Public Policy Polling (D)[E] | September 25–26, 2023 | 673 (RV) | ± 3.8% | 48% | 45% | 7% |
Prime Group[F] | June 14–28, 2023 | 500 (RV) | – | 50% | 50% | – |
500 (RV) | – | 38% | 43% | 19%[e] | ||
Quinnipiac University | June 22–26, 2023 | 1,584 (RV) | ± 2.5% | 46% | 47% | 7% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | April 11–13, 2023 | 500 (RV) | ± 4.4% | 46% | 42% | 12% |
Franklin & Marshall College | March 27 – April 7, 2023 | 643 (RV) | ± 4.9% | 36% | 35% | 29% |
Susquehanna Polling & Research | February 19–26, 2023 | 800 (RV) | ± 3.2% | 48% | 41% | 11% |
Targoz Market Research | November 2–6, 2022 | 631 (LV) | ± 3.8% | 46% | 52% | 2% |
Emerson College | October 28–31, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 44% | 44% | 12% |
Emerson College | September 23–26, 2022 | 1,000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 45% | 46% | 9% |
Echelon Insights | August 31 – September 7, 2022 | 828 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 48% | 43% | 9% |
Emerson College | August 22–23, 2022 | 1,034 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 47% | 11% |
PEM Management Corporation (R)[G] | July 22–24, 2022 | 300 (LV) | ± 5.7% | 42% | 44% | 14% |
Blueprint Polling (D) | July 19–21, 2022 | 712 (LV) | ± 3.7% | 42% | 41% | 17% |
Blueprint Polling (D) | February 15–16, 2022 | 635 (LV) | ± 3.9% | 45% | 40% | 15% |
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates (R)[H] | November 11–16, 2021 | 600 (LV) | ± 4.0% | 45% | 51% | 4% |
- Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. vs. Cornel West vs. Jill Stein
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Cornel West Independent |
Jill Stein Green |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | July 1–5, 2024 | 794 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 41% | 44% | 7% | 1% | 1% | 6% |
Cygnal (R) | June 27–28, 2024 | 800 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 38% | 42% | 9% | 2% | 2% | 7% |
Emerson College | June 13–18, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 45% | 5% | 0% | 1% | 12% |
Marist College | June 3–6, 2024 | 1,181 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 45% | 47% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 3%[f] |
Prime Group[A] | May 9–16, 2024 | 487 (RV) | – | 45% | 42% | 9% | 2% | 2% | – |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | May 7–13, 2024 | 812 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 45% | 7% | 2% | 1% | 3% |
Cook Political Report/BSG (R)/GS Strategy Group (D) | May 6–13, 2024 | 730 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 40% | 43% | 7% | 2% | 2% | 6% |
New York Times/Siena College/Philadelphia Inquirer | April 28 – May 9, 2024 | 1,023 (RV) | ± 3.6% | 36% | 40% | 10% | 0% | 1% | 13%[g] |
1,023 (LV) | ± 3.6% | 37% | 41% | 9% | 0% | 1% | 12%[g] | ||
Emerson College | April 25–29, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 41% | 45% | 6% | 1% | 1% | 7% |
Fox News | April 11–16, 2024 | 1,141 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 44% | 8% | 1% | 2% | 3% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | April 8–15, 2024 | 803 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 43% | 8% | 0% | 1% | 6% |
Wall Street Journal | March 17–24, 2024 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 38% | 41% | 7% | 3% | 1% | 10% |
Emerson College | March 10–13, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 44% | 5% | 1% | 1% | 9% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | March 8–12, 2024 | 807 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 38% | 44% | 7% | 0% | 1% | 10% |
Fox News | March 7–11, 2024 | 1,149 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 42% | 42% | 9% | 2% | 2% | 3% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | February 12–20, 2024 | 803 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 36% | 45% | 8% | 1% | 1% | 9% |
Emerson College | February 14–16, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 37% | 42% | 8% | 2% | 1% | 10% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | January 16–21, 2024 | 795 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 43% | 7% | 1% | 1% | 8% |
Quinnipiac University | January 4–8, 2023 | 1,680 (RV) | ± 2.4% | 41% | 39% | 11% | 2% | 4% | 3%[h] |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | November 27 – December 6, 2023 | 799 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 38% | 39% | 9% | 1% | 1% | 12% |
- Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. vs. Jill Stein
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Jill Stein Green |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | May 2–4, 2024 | 635 (LV) | – | 41% | 43% | 7% | 0% | 9% |
Franklin & Marshall College | March 20–31, 2024 | 870 (RV) | ± 4.0% | 42% | 40% | 9% | 3% | 8% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | March 14–17, 2024 | 775 (LV) | – | 41% | 44% | 7% | 1% | 7% |
Franklin & Marshall College | January 17–28, 2024 | 494 (RV) | ± 5.0% | 42% | 37% | 8% | 2% | 11% |
- Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mainstreet Research/Florida Atlantic University | May 30–31, 2024 | 1,012 (RV) | ± 3.1% | 41% | 39% | 8% | 12% |
923 (LV) | ± 3.1% | 43% | 42% | 7% | 8% | ||
Muhlenberg College | April 15–25, 2024 | 417 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 35% | 35% | 18% | 12% |
The Bullfinch Group[I] | March 22–26, 2024 | 800 (RV) | ± 3.5% | 44% | 41% | 7% | 8% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | December 28–30, 2023 | 1,069 (LV) | – | 39% | 40% | 9% | 12% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | November 27–29, 2023 | 887 (LV) | – | 37% | 44% | 7% | 10% |
New York Times/Siena College | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 600 (LV) | ± 4.6 | 35% | 35% | 23% | 7% |
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | October 7–9, 2023 | 900 (LV) | – | 39% | 39% | 9% | 13% |
- Joe Biden vs. Donald Trump vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr. vs. Cornel West
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Cornel West Independent |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CNN/SSRS | March 13–18, 2024 | 1,132 (RV) | ± 3.8% | 38% | 40% | 16% | 4% | 4% |
Bloomberg/Morning Consult | October 30 – November 7, 2023 | 805 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 38% | 41% | 8% | 1% | 12% |
- Kamala Harris vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Kamala Harris Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emerson College | February 14–16, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 40% | 49% | 11% |
New York Times/Siena College | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.6% | 44% | 47% | 9% |
- Gavin Newsom vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Gavin Newsom Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emerson College | February 14–16, 2024 | 1,000 (RV) | ± 3.0% | 33% | 48% | 19% |
- Josh Shapiro vs. Donald Trump
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Josh Shapiro Democratic |
Donald Trump Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muhlenberg College | November 20 – December 13, 2023 | 421 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 48% | 37% | 15% |
- Joe Biden vs. Nikki Haley
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Nikki Haley Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muhlenberg College | November 20 – December 13, 2023 | 421 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 33% | 38% | 29% |
New York Times/Siena College | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.6% | 39% | 49% | 12% |
- Joe Biden vs. Nikki Haley vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Nikki Haley Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | November 27–29, 2023 | 887 (LV) | – | 36% | 26% | 18% | 7% | 13% |
- Joe Biden vs. Ron DeSantis
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muhlenberg College | November 20 – December 13, 2023 | 421 (RV) | ± 6.0% | 41% | 39% | 20% |
New York Times/Siena College | October 22 – November 3, 2023 | 600 (RV) | ± 4.6% | 43% | 47% | 10% |
Susquehanna Polling & Research (R) | May 2–8, 2023 | 700 (LV) | ± 3.7% | 48% | 39% | 12% |
Public Opinion Strategies (R) | April 11–13, 2023 | 500 (RV) | ± 4.4% | 42% | 45% | 13% |
Echelon Insights | August 31 – September 7, 2022 | 828 (LV) | ± 3.5% | 46% | 42% | 12% |
- Joe Biden vs. Ron DeSantis vs. Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Joe Biden Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Robert Kennedy Jr Independent |
Other | Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Redfield & Wilton Strategies | November 27–29, 2023 | 887 (LV) | – | 37% | 34% | 13% | 3% | 12% |
- Robert F. Kennedy Jr. vs. Ron DeSantis
Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Democratic |
Ron DeSantis Republican |
Other / Undecided |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Susquehanna Polling & Research (R) | May 2–8, 2023 | 700 (LV) | ± 3.7% | 42% | 38% | 20% |
Debate
The sole vice presidential debate is scheduled to be held at Lafayette College in Easton on September 25, 2024, sponsored by the Commission on Presidential Debates. Whether either major party nominee will attend the debates has been called into question due to conflicts with the commission regarding the 2020 debates.[14]
See also
- United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania
- 2024 United States presidential election
- 2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries
- 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
- 2024 United States elections
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear - ^ a b c With voters who lean towards a given candidate
- ^ Independent/Third party candidate with 12%
- ^ "Undecided" & "Wouldn't vote" with 2%; "Someone else" with 1%
- ^ No Labels candidate
- ^ Chase Oliver (L) with >1%
- ^ a b Lars Mapstead (L) with 0%
- ^ "Undecided" with 2%; "Someone else" with 1%
- Partisan clients
- ^ a b Poll sponsored by Citizens to Save Our Republic PAC, which opposes Trump
- ^ Poll commissioned by AARP
- ^ Poll sponsored by Independent Center
- ^ Poll sponsored by The Heritage Foundation
- ^ Poll commissioned by Save My Country Action Fund
- ^ Poll sponsored by Citizens to Save Our Republic PAC
- ^ Poll conducted for the John Bolton Super PAC
- ^ Poll sponsored by Trump's campaign
- ^ Poll sponsored by Commonwealth Foundation
References
- ^ Wang, Hansi; Jin, Connie; Levitt, Zach (April 26, 2021). "Here's How The 1st 2020 Census Results Changed Electoral College, House Seats". NPR. Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 20, 2021.
- ^ "270toWin - 2024 Presidential Election Interactive Map". 270toWin.com. Retrieved March 9, 2024.
- ^ "Pennsylvania Presidential Primary Election Results 2024". NBC News. April 25, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
- ^ "Pennsylvania Presidential Primary Election Results 2024". NBC News. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
- ^ "2024 CPR Electoral College Ratings". cookpolitical.com. Cook Political Report. December 19, 2023. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "Presidential Ratings". insideelections.com. Inside Elections. April 26, 2023. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "2024 Electoral College ratings". Sabato's Crystal Ball. June 29, 2023. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
- ^ "2024 presidential predictions". elections2024.thehill.com/. The Hill. December 14, 2023. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "2024 Presidential Forecast". projects.cnalysis.com/. CNalysis. December 30, 2023. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
- ^ "Electoral College map 2024: Road to 270". CNN. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
- ^ "Trump v Biden: The Economist's presidential election prediction model". The Economist. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
- ^ Morris, G. Elliott (June 11, 2024). "2024 Election Forecast". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved June 11, 2024.
- ^ "2024 RCP Electoral College Map". RealClearPolitics. June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 26, 2024.
- ^ Cohen, Ethan (November 20, 2023). "Commission on Presidential Debates announces dates and locations for 2024 general election debates". CNN. Archived from the original on November 20, 2023. Retrieved November 21, 2023.
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