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The Congress of the Republic (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Guatemala. The Guatemalan Congress is made up of 160 deputies who are elected by direct universal suffrage to serve four-year terms. The electoral system is closed party list proportional representation. 31 of the deputies are elected on a nationwide list, whilst the remaining 127 deputies are elected in 22 multi-member constituencies. Each of Guatemalas's 22 departments serves as a district, with the exception of the department of Guatemala containing the capital, which on account of its size is divided into two (distrito central and distrito Guatemala). Departments are allocated seats based on their population size and they are shown in the table below.

Deputies by Department

Department	Deputies
Listado Nacional	31
Distrito Central	19
Alta Verapaz	9
Baja Verapaz	2
Chimaltenango	5
Chiquimula	3
El Progreso	1
Escuintla	6
Guatemala (Distrito)	11
Huehuetenango	10
Izabal	3
Jalapa	3
Jutiapa	4
Petén	4
Quetzaltenango	7
Quiché	8
Retalhuleu	3
Sacatepéquez	3
San Marcos	9
Santa Rosa	3
Sololá	3
Suchitepéquez	5
Totonicapán	4
Zacapa	2
Total	160

History

Guatemala had a bicameral legislature in the 1845 constitution. It was replaced with unicameral Chamber of Representatives (Spanish: Cámara de Representantes), which was reformulated as National Assembly (Spanish: Asamblea Nacional) in 1879, which was replaced by Congress of the Republic in 1945.^[1]

Political culture

It is not uncommon for deputies to change parties during the legislature's term or to secede from a party and create a new party or congressional block.

Building

The Congress of the Republic Guatemala is located in the Legislative Palace in Guatemala city.^[2]

During the protests against the budget for 2021 on 21 November 2020, protestors entered the building and set parts of it on fire.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Latest election



Party		National			District			Total seats	+/–
Party		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Total seats	+/–
	National Unity of Hope	717,204	17.81	7	731,015	17.43	47	54	+26
	Vamos	320,939	7.97	3	331,810	7.91	13	16	New
	National Change Union	218,914	5.44	2	243,757	5.81	10	12	+6
	Semilla	211,691	5.26	2	215,669	5.14	5	7	New
	National Convergence Front	210,307	5.22	2	227,144	5.42	6	8	–27
	Bienestar Nacional	194,067	4.82	2	209,206	4.99	6	8	+8
	Vision with Values	189,467	4.70	2	181,588	4.33	5	7	+3
	Humanist Party of Guatemala	188,234	4.67	2	186,776	4.45	4	6	New
	Valor	183,814	4.56	1	215,338	5.14	8	9	New
	Commitment, Renewal and Order	177,681	4.41	1	189,654	4.52	5	6	+1
	Todos	177,182	4.40	1	205,144	4.89	6	7	–9
	Winaq	141,252	3.51	1	144,314	3.44	3	4	+3
	Citizen Prosperity	131,694	3.27	1	152,540	3.64	2	3	New
	Movement for the Liberation of Peoples	121,743	3.02	1	123,084	2.94	0	1	New
	Unionist Party	118,337	2.94	1	109,736	2.62	2	3	+2
	Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity	112,037	2.78	1	116,943	2.79	2	3	+2
	National Advancement Party	110,016	2.73	1	104,900	2.50	1	2	–1
	Victory	101,418	2.52	1	71,630	1.71	2	3	+3
	Fuerza	77,862	1.93	0	99,090	2.36	0	0	–1
	Encuentro por Guatemala	71,668	1.78	0	66,250	1.58	0	0	–6
	Podemos	67,610	1.68	0	77,756	1.85	1	1	–11
	Convergence	49,284	1.22	0	51,024	1.22	0	0	–3
	Libre	48,267	1.20	0	51,518	1.23	0	0	New
	Avanza	31,750	0.79	0	24,735	0.59	0	0	New
	Productivity and Work Party	29,729	0.74	0	30,656	0.73	0	0	New
	Unidos	25,258	0.63	0	32,111	0.77	0	0	New
Total		4,027,425	100.00	32	4,193,388	100.00	128	160	2

Valid votes		4,027,425	79.72
Invalid/blank votes		1,024,405	20.28
Total votes		5,051,830	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		8,150,221	61.98
Source: TSE, TSE, IPU

Notes

References

^ Guatemala. Latin American series ;no. 30. 1947. hdl:2027/hvd.32044058953571.
^ "Palacio Legislativo". Congreso de la República. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
^ Wirtz, Nic; Kitroeff, Natalie (21 November 2021). "Protesters in Guatemala Set Fire to Congress Building Over Spending Cuts". New York Times. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
^ Pérez D., Sonia (21 November 2020). "Protesters burn part of Guatemala's Congress building". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
^ "Protesters set fire to Guatemalan Congress". MSN.com. AFP. 21 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

External links

Official website

[1] Guatemala. Latin American series ;no. 30. 1947. hdl:2027/hvd.32044058953571.

[2] "Palacio Legislativo". Congreso de la República. Retrieved 12 September 2023.

[3] Wirtz, Nic; Kitroeff, Natalie (21 November 2021). "Protesters in Guatemala Set Fire to Congress Building Over Spending Cuts". New York Times. Retrieved 28 July 2021.

[4] Pérez D., Sonia (21 November 2020). "Protesters burn part of Guatemala's Congress building". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

[5] "Protesters set fire to Guatemalan Congress". MSN.com. AFP. 21 November 2020. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

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