The voiced palatal lateral affricate is a rare consonantal sound, found in the Sandawe language. There are two ways it can be represented: traditional IPA ⟨ɟ͜ʎ̝⟩ or extIPA ⟨ɟ͜𝼆̬⟩.

Features

Features of the voiced alveolar lateral affricate:

  • Its manner of articulation is affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the airflow entirely, then allowing air flow through a constricted channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
  • Its place of articulation is palatal, which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised to the hard palate.
  • Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
  • It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Sandawe dlani [ɟʎ̝àní] 'arrow' Contrasts with voiceless and ejective affricates. Although initial contact varies from alveolar to palatal, frication is always palatal.[1]

References

  1. ^ Sands, Bonny; Maddieson, Ian; Ladefoged, Peter (1996-06-15). "The phonetic structures of Hadza". Studies in African Linguistics. 25 (2): 171–204. doi:10.32473/sal.v25i2.107401. ISSN 2154-428X. S2CID 196094366.