For countries by GDP based on purchasing power parity, see List of countries by GDP (PPP).
For countries by GDP per capita, see List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita.

Largest economies in the world by GDP (nominal) in 2023
according to International Monetary Fund estimates[n 1][1]
Countries by nominal GDP in 2019[n 2]
  > $20 trillion
  $10–20 trillion
  $5–10 trillion
  $1–5 trillion
  $750 billion – $1 trillion
  $500–750 billion
  $250–500 billion
  $100–250 billion
  $50–100 billion
  $25–50 billion
  $5–25 billion
  < $5 billion

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.[2] Countries are sorted by nominal GDP estimates from financial and statistical institutions, which are calculated at market or government official exchange rates. Nominal GDP does not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results can vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.[3] Such fluctuations may change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference in the standard of living of its population.[4]

Comparisons of national wealth are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. Other metrics, nominal GDP per capita and a corresponding GDP (PPP) per capita are used for comparing national standard of living. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are less spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.[5]

The rankings of national economies over time have changed considerably; the United States surpassed the British Empire's output around 1916,[6] which in turn had surpassed the Qing dynasty in aggregate output decades earlier.[7][8] Since China's transition to a socialist market economy through controlled privatisation and deregulation,[9][10] the country has seen its ranking increase from ninth in 1978, to second in 2010; China's economic growth accelerated during this period and its share of global nominal GDP surged from 2% in 1980 to 18% in 2021.[8][1][11] Among others, India has also experienced an economic boom since the implementation of economic liberalisation in the early 1990s.[12]

The first list includes estimates compiled by the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook, the second list shows the World Bank's data, and the third list includes data compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division. The IMF definitive data for the past year and estimates for the current year are published twice a year in April and October. Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition (such as Kosovo and Taiwan) are included in the list where they appear in the sources.

Table

The table initially ranks each country or territory with their latest available estimates, and can be reranked by either of the sources

The links in the "Country/Territory" row of the following table link to the article on the GDP or the economy of the respective country or territory.

GDP (USD million) by country
Country/Territory UN region IMF[1][13] World Bank[14] United Nations[15]
Forecast Year Estimate Year Estimate Year
 World — 105,568,776 2023 100,562,011 2022 96,698,005 2021
 United States Americas 26,854,599 2023 25,462,700 2022 23,315,081 2021
 China Asia 19,373,586 [n 1]2023 17,963,171 [n 3]2022 17,734,131 [n 1]2021
 Japan Asia 4,409,738 2023 4,231,141 2022 4,940,878 2021
 Germany Europe 4,308,854 2023 4,072,192 2022 4,259,935 2021
 India Asia 3,736,882 2023 3,385,090 2022 3,201,471 2021
 United Kingdom Europe 3,158,938 2023 3,070,668 2022 3,131,378 2021
 France Europe 2,923,489 2023 2,782,905 2022 2,957,880 2021
 Italy Europe 2,169,745 2023 2,010,432 2022 2,107,703 2021
 Canada Americas 2,089,672 2023 2,139,840 2022 1,988,336 2021
 Brazil Americas 2,081,235 2023 1,920,096 2022 1,608,981 2021
 Russia Europe 2,062,649 2023 2,240,422 2022 1,778,782 2021
 South Korea Asia 1,721,909 2023 1,665,246 2022 1,810,966 2021
 Australia Oceania 1,707,548 2023 1,675,419 2022 1,734,532 2021
 Mexico Americas 1,663,164 2023 1,414,187 2022 1,272,839 2021
 Spain Europe 1,492,432 2023 1,397,509 2022 1,427,381 2021
 Indonesia Asia 1,391,778 2023 1,319,100 2022 1,186,093 2021
 Netherlands Europe 1,080,880 2023 991,115 2022 1,012,847 2021
 Saudi Arabia Asia 1,061,902 2023 1,108,149 2022 833,541 2021
 Turkey Asia 1,029,303 2023 905,988 2022 819,034 2021
 Switzerland Europe 869,601 2023 807,706 2022 812,867 2021
 Taiwan Asia 790,728 [n 4]2023 — —
 Poland Europe 748,887 2023 688,177 2022 679,442 2021
 Argentina Americas 641,102 2023 632,770 2022 487,227 2021
 Belgium Europe 624,248 2023 578,604 2022 594,104 2021
 Sweden Europe 599,052 2023 585,939 2022 635,664 2021
 Ireland Europe 594,095 2023 529,245 2022 504,183 2021
 Thailand Asia 574,231 2023 495,341 2022 505,982 2021
 Norway Europe 554,105 2023 579,267 2022 482,175 2021
 Israel Asia 539,223 2023 522,033 2022 481,591 2021
 Singapore Asia 515,548 2023 466,789 2022 396,992 2021
 Austria Europe 515,199 2023 471,400 2022 480,368 2021
 Nigeria Africa 506,601 2023 477,386 2022 430,923 2021
 United Arab Emirates Asia 498,978 2023 507,535 2022 405,468 2021
 Vietnam Asia 449,094 2023 408,802 2022 366,138 2021
 Malaysia Asia 447,026 2023 406,306 2022 372,702 2021
 Philippines Asia 440,901 2023 404,284 2022 394,086 2021
 Bangladesh Asia 420,516 2023 460,201 2022 414,907 2021
 Denmark Europe 405,626 2023 395,404 2022 398,303 2021
 South Africa Africa 399,015 2023 405,870 2022 419,016 2021
 Hong Kong Asia 382,854 [n 5]2023 359,839 2022 369,174 2021
 Egypt Africa 378,110 2023 476,748 2022 425,906 2021
 Iran Asia 367,970 2023 388,544 2022 594,892 2021
 Chile Americas 358,557 2023 301,025 2022 317,059 2021
 Romania Europe 348,902 2023 301,262 2022 284,086 2021
 Pakistan Asia [16] 341,500 2023 376,533 2022 342,501 2021
 Colombia Americas 334,689 2023 343,939 2022 314,464 2021
 Czech Republic Europe 330,483 2023 290,924 2022 281,778 2021
 Finland Europe 301,670 2023 280,826 2022 297,302 2021
 Peru Americas 268,235 2023 242,632 2022 223,252 2021
 Iraq Asia 267,893 2023 264,182 2022 204,004 2021
 Portugal Europe 267,721 2023 251,945 2022 253,663 2021
 New Zealand Oceania 251,969 2023 247,234 2022 250,451 2021
 Kazakhstan Asia 245,695 2023 220,623 2022 193,018 2021
 Greece Europe 239,300 2023 219,066 2022 214,874 2021
 Qatar Asia 219,570 2023 237,296 2022 179,571 2021
 Algeria Africa 206,007 2023 191,913 2022 163,473 2021
 Hungary Europe 188,505 2023 178,789 2022 181,848 2021
 Kuwait Asia 164,713 2023 184,558 2022 136,642 2021
 Ethiopia Africa 156,083 2023 126,783 2022 99,269 2021
 Ukraine Europe 148,712 [n 6]2023 160,503 [n 6]2022 200,086 [n 6]2021
 Morocco Africa 138,781 2023 134,182 2022 142,867 [n 7]2021
 Slovakia Europe 127,533 2023 115,469 2022 116,527 2021
 Ecuador Americas 121,291 2023 115,049 2022 106,166 2021
 Dominican Republic Americas 121,289 2023 113,642 2022 94,243 2021
 Puerto Rico Americas 120,838 2023 113,435 2022 106,526 2021
 Kenya Africa 118,130 2023 113,420 2022 110,347 2021
 Angola Africa 117,877 2023 106,714 2022 70,533 2021
 Cuba Americas — 107,352 2020 126,694 2021
 Oman Asia 104,902 2023 114,667 2022 88,192 2021
 Guatemala Americas 102,309 2023 95,003 2022 85,986 2021
 Bulgaria Europe 100,635 2023 89,040 2022 84,058 2021
 Venezuela Americas 96,628 2023 — 111,813 2021
 Uzbekistan Asia 92,332 2023 80,392 2022 69,239 2021
 Luxembourg Europe 86,971 2023 82,275 2022 85,506 2021
 Tanzania Africa 85,421 2023 75,709 2022 70,297 [n 8]2021
 Turkmenistan Asia 82,649 2023 — 53,954 2021
 Croatia Europe 78,881 2023 70,965 2022 68,955 2021
 Lithuania Europe 78,346 2023 70,334 2022 66,445 2021
 Costa Rica Americas 77,777 2023 68,381 2022 64,282 2021
 Uruguay Americas 77,313 2023 71,177 2022 59,318 2021
 Panama Americas 77,257 2023 76,523 2022 63,605 2021
 Ivory Coast Africa 77,047 2023 70,019 2022 69,765 2021
 Sri Lanka Asia — 74,404 2022 85,309 2021
 Serbia Europe 73,961 2023 63,502 2022 63,068 2021
 Belarus Europe 73,543 2023 72,793 2022 68,206 2021
 Azerbaijan Asia 70,030 2023 78,721 2022 54,622 2021
 DR Congo Africa 69,474 2023 58,066 2022 52,850 2021
 Slovenia Europe 68,108 2023 62,118 2022 61,749 2021
 Ghana Africa 66,622 2023 72,839 2022 79,083 2021
 Myanmar Asia 63,988 2023 59,364 2022 58,582 2021
 Jordan Asia 52,061 2023 47,452 2022 45,244 2021
 Tunisia Africa 49,815 2023 46,665 2022 46,687 2021
 Uganda Africa 49,792 2023 45,559 2022 42,661 2021
 Cameroon Africa 48,625 2023 44,342 2022 45,368 2021
 Latvia Europe 47,398 2023 41,154 2022 39,854 2021
 Sudan Africa 46,705 2023 51,662 2022 35,867 2021
 Libya Africa 46,297 2023 45,752 2022 39,006 2021
 Bolivia Americas 46,097 2023 43,069 2022 40,408 2021
 Bahrain Asia 44,870 2023 44,391 2022 38,869 2021
 Paraguay Americas 42,820 2023 41,722 2022 40,458 2021
 Nepal Asia 42,097 2023 40,828 2022 36,207 2021
 Estonia Europe 41,551 2023 38,101 2022 37,191 2021
 Macau Asia 35,841 [n 9]2023 21,979 2022 29,905 2021
 El Salvador Americas 33,752 2023 32,489 2022 28,737 2021
 Honduras Americas 32,860 2023 31,718 2022 28,489 2021
 Papua New Guinea Oceania 31,362 2023 30,633 2022 26,595 2021
 Senegal Africa 31,221 2023 27,684 2022 27,625 2021
 Cyprus Asia 30,864 [n 10]2023 28,439 [n 10]2022 28,408 [n 10]2021
 Cambodia Asia 30,628 2023 29,957 2022 26,669 2021
 Zimbabwe Africa 29,931 2023 20,678 2022 24,118 2021
 Zambia Africa 29,272 2023 29,784 2022 21,313 2021
 Iceland Europe 28,625 2023 27,842 2022 25,602 2021
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe 28,488 2023 24,528 2022 23,365 2021
 Trinidad and Tobago Americas 28,223 2023 27,899 2022 24,460 2021
 Georgia Europe 27,947 [n 11]2023 24,605 [n 11]2022 18,696 [n 11]2021
 Haiti Americas 26,580 2023 20,254 2022 19,044 2021
 Lebanon Asia — — 37,945 2021
 Armenia Asia 23,725 2023 19,503 2022 13,861 2021
 Guinea Africa 23,330 2023 21,228 2022 16,036 2021
 Burkina Faso Africa 21,076 2023 18,885 2022 19,738 2021
 Mali Africa 20,776 2023 18,827 2022 19,157 2021
 Gabon Africa 20,330 2023 21,072 2022 18,521 2021
 Albania Europe 20,177 2023 18,882 2022 18,260 2021
 Afghanistan Asia — — 14,939 2021
 Mozambique Africa 19,909 2023 17,851 2022 15,777 2021
 Palestine Asia 19,206 [n 12]2023 19,112 [n 12]2022 18,037 [n 13]2021
 Botswana Africa 19,572 2023 20,352 2022 17,615 2021
 Yemen Asia 19,529 2023 — 9,947 2021
 Malta Europe 19,405 2023 17,765 2022 17,721 2021
 Benin Africa 19,236 2023 17,402 2022 17,688 2021
 Nicaragua Americas 17,287 2023 15,672 2022 14,013 2021
 Jamaica Americas 17,254 2023 17,098 2022 14,658 2021
 Mongolia Asia 16,908 2023 16,811 2022 15,098 2021
 Niger Africa 16,617 2023 13,970 2022 14,915 2021
 Guyana Americas 16,309 2023 15,358 2022 8,044 2021
 Brunei Asia 15,988 2023 16,682 2022 14,006 2021
 Madagascar Africa 15,969 2023 14,955 2022 14,450 2021
 North Korea Asia — — 16,750 2021
 Moldova Europe 15,829 [n 14]2023 14,421 [n 14]2022 13,680 [n 14]2021
 Syria Asia — — 19,719 2021
 North Macedonia Europe 15,278 2023 13,563 2022 13,881 2021
 Equatorial Guinea Africa 15,099 2023 11,814 2022 12,431 2021
 Mauritius Africa 14,570 2023 12,898 2022 11,525 2021
 Bahamas Americas 14,114 2023 12,897 2022 11,209 2021
 Laos Asia 14,091 2023 15,724 2022 19,074 2021
 Namibia Africa 13,486 2023 12,607 2022 12,236 2021
 Rwanda Africa 13,149 2023 13,313 2022 11,070 2021
 Congo Africa 13,031 2023 14,616 2022 12,841 2021
 Tajikistan Asia 12,796 2023 10,492 2022 8,746 2021
 Kyrgyzstan Asia 12,309 2023 10,931 2022 8,741 2021
 Chad Africa 11,962 2023 12,704 2022 16,410 2021
 Malawi Africa 11,277 2023 13,165 2022 12,199 2021
 Mauritania Africa 10,966 2023 10,375 2022 9,996 2021
 New Caledonia Oceania — — 10,071 2021
 Kosovo Europe 9,990 2023 9,429 2022 9,412 2021
 Togo Africa 9,001 2023 8,126 2022 8,160 2021
 Somalia Africa 8,738 2023 8,126 2022 7,628 2021
 Monaco Europe — — 8,596 2021
 Bermuda Americas — 7,551 2022 7,231 2021
 Montenegro Europe 7,027 2023 6,096 2022 5,809 2021
 South Sudan Africa 7,012 2023 — 4,304 2021
 Maldives Asia 7,004 2023 6,190 2022 5,406 2021
 Liechtenstein Europe — — 6,608 2021
 Barbados Americas 6,117 2023 5,638 2022 4,844 2021
 French Polynesia Oceania — — 6,055 2021
 Cayman Islands Americas — — 5,809 2021
 Fiji Oceania 5,385 2023 4,943 2022 4,296 2021
 Eswatini Africa 4,824 2023 4,854 2022 4,732 2021
 Liberia Africa 4,375 2023 4,001 2022 2,445 2021
 Djibouti Africa 3,916 2023 3,515 2022 3,701 2021
 Andorra Europe 3,669 2023 3,352 2022 3,325 2021
 Aruba Americas 3,633 2023 — 3,126 2021
 Sierra Leone Africa 3,520 2023 3,970 2022 4,249 2021
 Suriname Americas 3,470 2023 3,621 2022 3,224 2021
 Burundi Africa 3,234 2023 3,073 2022 3,900 2021
 Belize Americas 3,162 2023 2,824 2022 2,492 2021
 Greenland Americas — — 3,273 2021
 Central African Republic Africa 2,736 2023 2,383 2022 2,518 2021
 Curaçao Americas — — 2,700 2021
 Bhutan Asia 2,683 2023 — 2,381 2021
 Eritrea Africa 2,666 2023 — 2,255 2021
 Lesotho Africa 2,584 2023 2,553 2022 2,373 2021
 Cape Verde Africa 2,468 2023 2,315 2022 1,936 2021
 Gambia Africa 2,277 2023 2,273 2022 2,038 2021
 Saint Lucia Americas 2,262 2023 2,065 2022 1,765 2021
 East Timor Asia 1,988 2023 3,163 2022 2,004 2021
 Seychelles Africa 1,950 2023 1,588 2022 1,287 2021
 Guinea-Bissau Africa 1,887 2023 1,634 2022 1,563 2021
 Antigua and Barbuda Americas 1,864 2023 1,758 2022 1,421 2021
 San Marino Europe 1,807 2023 — 1,702 2021
 Zanzibar Africa — — 2,080 2021
 Solomon Islands Oceania 1,701 2023 1,596 2022 1,632 2021
 British Virgin Islands Americas — — 1,539 2021
 Comoros Africa 1,348 2023 1,243 2022 1,340 2021
 Grenada Americas 1,274 2023 1,256 2022 1,115 2021
 Vanuatu Oceania 1,064 2023 984 2022 981 2021
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Americas 1,052 2023 962 2022 861 2021
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Americas 1,039 2023 949 2022 881 2021
 Turks and Caicos Islands Americas — 1,139 2022 943 2021
 Samoa Oceania 898 2023 832 2022 857 2021
 Sint Maarten Americas — 1,572 2022 1,154 2021
 Dominica Americas 681 2023 612 2022 548 2021
 São Tomé and Príncipe Africa 625 2023 547 2022 555 2021
 Tonga Oceania 541 2023 — 472 2021
 Micronesia Oceania 456 2023 427 2022 404 2021
 Marshall Islands Oceania 291 2023 280 2022 257 2021
 Cook Islands Oceania — — 328 2021
 Palau Oceania 262 2023 — 218 2021
 Anguilla Americas — — 303 2021
 Kiribati Oceania 248 2023 223 2022 227 2021
 Nauru Oceania 151 2023 151 2022 155 2021
 Montserrat Americas — — 72 2021
 Tuvalu Oceania 65 2023 60 2022 60 2021

See also

Countries:

Other entities:

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Figures for China exclude Taiwan, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  2. ^ Based on IMF data. If no data is available for a country from the IMF, then data from the United Nations is used.
  3. ^ Figures exclude the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  4. ^ The name used in the IMF report is "Taiwan Province of China".
  5. ^ The name used in the IMF report is "Hong Kong SAR".
  6. ^ a b c Figures exclude the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  7. ^ Includes Western Sahara.
  8. ^ The UN figure excludes the autonomous region of Zanzibar.
  9. ^ The name used in the IMF report is "Macao SAR".
  10. ^ a b c Data are for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  11. ^ a b c Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  12. ^ a b The name used in the IMF and World Bank reports is "West Bank and Gaza".
  13. ^ The name used by UN is "State of Palestine".
  14. ^ a b c Excludes data for Transnistria.

References

  1. ^ a b c "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  2. ^ "What is GDP and why is it so important?". Investopedia. IAC/InterActiveCorp. 26 February 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  3. ^ Moffatt, Mike. "A Beginner's Guide to Purchasing Power Parity Theory". About.com. IAC/InterActiveCorp. Archived from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  4. ^ Ito, Takatoshi; Isard, Peter; Symansky, Steven (January 1999). "Economic Growth and Real Exchange Rate: An Overview of the Balassa-Samuelson Hypothesis in Asia" (PDF). Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Development Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues. National Bureau of Economic Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  5. ^ Callen, Tim (28 March 2012). "Gross Domestic Product: An Economy's All". Finance & Development. International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  6. ^ Frum, David (24 December 2014). "The Real Story of How America Became an Economic Superpower". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  7. ^ Matthews, Chris (5 October 2014). "5 Most Powerful Economic Empires of All Time". Fortune. Time, Inc. Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  8. ^ a b Kroeber, Arthur R. (2016). China's Economy: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, United States: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190239053. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2016.
  9. ^ Kau, Michael Ying-mao (30 September 1993). China in the Era of Deng Xiaoping: A Decade of Reform. ISBN 9781563242786. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2016. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  10. ^ Hu, Zuliu; Khan, Mohsin S. (April 1997). "Why Is China Growing So Fast?" (PDF). Economic Issues. International Monetary Fund. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  11. ^ "China GDP growth slows as population crisis, Covid-19 cloud economic outlook". South China Morning Post. 18 January 2022. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  12. ^ Rodrik, Dani; et al. (March 2004). "From "Hindu Growth" to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition" (PDF). National Bureau of Economic Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  13. ^ "WEO Database, April 2023. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: World, European Union". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 April 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  14. ^ "GDP (current US$)". data.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  15. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division - National Accounts". unstats.un.org. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
  16. ^ https://tribune.com.pk/story/2418706/03-economic-growth-rate-debunked