The 1852 Democratic National Convention was held at Maryland Institute in Baltimore, Maryland. This convention is notable for the hostility between groups of the party, divided over the Compromise of 1850. The convention was called to order by Democratic National Committee chairman Benjamin F. Hallett. Romulus M. Saunders served as the temporary convention chairman and John W. Davis served as the permanent convention president.
The Convention
As Democrats convened in Baltimore in June 1852, four major candidates vied for the nomination- Lewis Cass of Michigan, the nominee in 1848, who had the backing of northerners in support of the Compromise of 1850; James Buchanan of Pennsylvania, popular in the South as well as in his home state; Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, candidate of the expansionists and the railroad interests; and William L. Marcy of New York, whose strength was centered in his home state. Throughout the balloting, numerous favorite son candidates received a few votes.
Cass led on the first 19 ballots, with Buchanan second, and Douglas and Marcy exchanging third and fourth places. Buchanan took the lead on the 20th ballot and retained it on each of the next nine tallies. Douglas managed a narrow lead on the 30th and 31st ballots. Cass then recaptured first placed through the 44th ballot. Marcy carried the next four ballots. Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire, a former Congressman and Senator, did not get on the board until the 35th ballot, when the Virginia delegation brought him forward as a compromise choice. He consolidated his support in subsequent voting and was nominated nearly unanimously on the 49th ballot.[1]
In a peace gesture to the Buchanan wing of the party, Pierce's supporters allowed Buchanan's allies to fill the second position, knowing that they would select Alabama Senator William R. King. On the second ballot, with only minor opposition, King finally obtained the Democratic Vice Presidential nomination. During the ensuing campaign, King's tuberculosis, which he believed he had contracted while in Paris, denied him the active behind-the-scenes role that he might otherwise have played, although he worked hard to assure his region's voters that New Hampshire's Pierce was a "northern man with southern principles."
Ballots
Presidential Ballots
Presidential Ballot | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ballot | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th | 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th | 21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Franklin Pierce | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Lewis Cass | 116 | 118 | 119 | 115 | 114 | 114 | 113 | 113 | 112 | 111 | 101 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 96 | 89 | 81 | 60 | 43 | 37 | 33 | 34 |
James Buchanan | 93 | 95 | 94 | 89 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 85 | 85 | 92 | 102 | 104 | 104 | 103 | 101 |
William L. Marcy | 27 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 26 | 26 |
Stephen A. Douglas | 20 | 23 | 21 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 39 | 40 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 56 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 77 | 78 | 80 | 79 |
Others | 40 | 33 | 36 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 31 | 32 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 44 | 46 | 50 | 54 | 56 |
Presidential Ballot | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ballot | 26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th | 31st | 32nd | 33rd | 34th | 35th | 36th | 37th | 38th | 39th | 40th | 41st | 42nd | 43rd | 44th | 45th | 46th | 47th | 48th | 49th | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Franklin Pierce | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 44 | 49 | 55 | 282 | |||||||||
Lewis Cass | 33 | 32 | 28 | 27 | 33 | 65 | 93 | 123 | 130 | 131 | 122 | 120 | 107 | 106 | 107 | 107 | 101 | 101 | 101 | 96 | 78 | 75 | 72 | 2 | |||||||||
James Buchanan | 101 | 98 | 96 | 98 | 91 | 83 | 74 | 72 | 49 | 39 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 0 | |||||||||
William L. Marcy | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 33 | 34 | 58 | 70 | 84 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 97 | 98 | 95 | 89 | 0 | |||||||||
Stephen A. Douglas | 80 | 85 | 88 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 80 | 60 | 53 | 52 | 43 | 34 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 | 2 | |||||||||
Others | 56 | 55 | 58 | 54 | 54 | 30 | 23 | 16 | 31 | 25 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 19 | 10 |
Source: US President - D Convention. Our Campaigns. (August 24, 2009).
Vice Presidential Ballots
Vice Presidential Ballot | ||
Ballot | 1st | 2nd |
---|---|---|
William R. King | 125 | 277 |
Solomon W. Downs | 30 | 0 |
John B. Weller | 28 | 0 |
David R. Atchison | 25 | 0 |
Gideon J. Pillow | 25 | 0 |
Robert Strange | 23 | 0 |
William O. Butler | 13 | 0 |
Thomas J. Rusk | 13 | 0 |
Jefferson Davis | 2 | 11 |
Howell Cobb | 2 | 0 |
Abstaining | 2 | 0 |
Source: US Vice President - D Convention. Our Campaigns. (August 25, 2009).
Candidates gallery
See also
References
References
- ^ William DeGregorio, The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents, Gramercy 1997
Preceded by 1848 |
Democratic National Conventions | Succeeded by 1856 |
Recent Comments