Hosta

Esh (majuscule: Ʃ, minuscule: ʃ; Unicode U+01A9, U+0283) is a character used in conjunction with the Latin alphabet. Its lowercase form ʃ is similar to an italic long s ſ or an integral sign ∫; its uppercase form Ʃ is based on the Greek letter sigma.

The lowercase form was introduced by Isaac Pitman in his 1847 Phonotypic Alphabet to represent the voiceless postalveolar fricative (English sh). It is today used in the International Phonetic Alphabet, as well as in the alphabets of some African languages.

Other languages

The consonant [ʃ] may be spelt in various ways:

• c in Lojban
• ch in French and Portuguese, and occasionally in English (as in machine)
• ix in Catalan
• j in Volapük
• ll in some forms of Rioplatense Spanish (especially in Buenos Aires, Argentina)
• rz in Polish when following ch, k, p or t (as in Przemyśl)
• s in Hungarian, in German when preceded by p or t, in Irish Gaeilge and Scottish Gàidhlig when followed by e or i or when preceded by i, and occasionally in English (as in sure)
• š in many Slavic languages, such as Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Sorbian, and – based on Gaj's Latin alphabet – Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian; in the Baltic languages Latvian and Lithuanian; in some Finno-Lappic languages, such as Karelian, Sami and Veps (in addition, š features in the orthographies of Estonian and Finnish, but it only occurs in loanwords); as well as in North American Lakota and some African languages, such as Northern Sotho and Songhay
• ŝ in Esperanto
• ş in Turkish and some modern Ladino
• ș in Romanian
• sc in Old English, and in Italian when followed by e or i
• sch in German
• sh in English, Albanian
• sj in Danish, Dutch, Faroese, Norwegian and Swedish
• sk in Swedish, and in Faroese when followed by e, i, y or ey
• skj in Faroese, Swedish
• ss in Auvergnat
• stj in Faroese, Swedish
• sz in Polish
• t in English occasionally when followed by i (as in initial)
• x in Aragonese, Asturleonese languages, Capeverdean, Catalan, Galician, Maltese, Portuguese, and Mexican Spanish (certain words only, e.g. Mexica, xoloitzcuintle), as well as in Nahuatl and some Mayan languages
• y in some forms of Rioplatense Spanish (especially in Buenos Aires, Argentina)
• ش in Arabic
• շ in Armenian
• স, শ or ষ in Bengali
• ϣ in Coptic
• ш in Church Slavonic, Ukrainian, Serbian, Macedonian, Russian, Bulgarian, and Belarusian
• श and ष in the Devanāgarī script
• შ in Georgian
• שׁ in Hebrew
• שֿ in Yiddish and traditional Ladino

See also

• Long s (the ſ character)

The ISO basic Latin alphabet
Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz
history • palaeography • derivations • diacritics • punctuation • numerals • Unicode • list of letters • ISO/IEC 646