Yttrium oxalate is an inorganic compound, a salt of yttrium and oxalic acid with the chemical formula Y2(C2O4)3.[3] The compound does not dissolve in water and forms crystalline hydrates—colorless crystals.[4]

Synthesis

Precipitation of soluble yttrium salts with oxalic acid:[5]

Properties

Yttrium oxalate is highly insoluble in water and converts to the oxide when heated.[6] Yttrium oxalate forms crystalline hydrates (colorless crystals) with the formula Y2(C2O4)3•n H2O, where n = 4, 9, and 10.

Decomposes when heated:

The solubility product of yttrium oxalate at 25 °C is 5.1 × 10−30.[1]

The trihydrate Y2(C2O4)3•3H2O is formed by heating more hydrated varieties at 110 °C.[7]

Y2(C2O4)3•2H2O, which is formed by heating the decahydrate at 210 °C) forms monoclinic crystals with unit cell dimensions a=9.3811 Å, b=11.638 Å, c=5.9726 Å, β=96.079°.[8]

Related

Several yttrium oxalate double salts are known containing additional cations. Also a mixed-anion compound with carbonate is known.

formula name formula weight crystal form space group unit cell Å volume Å3 properties references
NH4Y(C2O4)2.H2O Ammonium yttrium oxalate monohydrate monoclinic P2/n a=9.18 b=6.09 c=7.89 β=90.2 Z=2 [9]
[C6N2H16]0.5[Y(H2O)(C2O4)2]·2H2O 377.1 triclinic P1 a = 8.229, b = 9.739, c = 9.754, α = 60.74, β = 72.36, γ = 84.67°, Z = 2 648.5 density 1.931 [10]
[C5N2H12] [Y(C2O4)2] 365.1 monoclinic Cc a = 11.552, b = 17.168, c = 8.719, β = 130.64°, Z = 2 1312.1 density 1.848 [10]
C5NH6Y(C2O4)2•3H2O Pyridinium yttrium oxalate trihydrate [11]
[Y(H2O)]Na(C2O4)2.3H2O yttrium sodium oxalate tetrahydrate 360.005 monoclinic Pc a=8.623 b=8.6310 c=14.896 β=102.848 Z=4 1080.9 [12]
YK(C2O4)2.4H2O Yttrium potassium oxalate tetrahydrate tetragonal I41/a Z = 4 a = 11.4612, c = 8.9040 1169.6 [13][14]
Y(H2O)Cs(C2O4)2 Caesium yttrium oxalate monohydrate monoclinic P2/n a = 8.979, b = 6.2299, c = 8.103, β = 90.05° 453.3 [15]
RbLn(C2O4)2•3H2O Rubidium yttrium oxalate trihydrate [16]
[Y(H2O)]2(C2O4)(CO3)2 yttrium oxalate carbonate 421.876 orthorhombic C2221 a = 7.8177, b = 14.943, c = 9.4845, Z = 4 1108.0 density 2.526 [17]

References

  1. ^ a b Chung, Dong-Yong; Kim, Eung-Ho; Lee, Eil-Hee; Yoo, Jae-Hyung (1998). "Solubility of Rare Earth Oxalate in Oxalic and Nitric Acid Media". Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (in Korean). 4 (4): 277–284.
  2. ^ "Yttrium Oxalate | Diyttrium trioxalate | C6H18O21Y2". Ereztech. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  3. ^ "Yttrium oxalate". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  4. ^ Feibush, A. M.; Rowley, Keith; Gordon, Louis (1958-10-01). "Solubility of Yttrium Oxalate". Analytical Chemistry. 30 (10): 1610–1612. doi:10.1021/ac60142a008. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  5. ^ Yoon, Jung Hoon (1990). Precipitation of Yttrium and Rare Earth Powders from Aqueous Solutions and Emulsions. University of California, Berkeley. p. 54. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  6. ^ "Yttrium Oxalate". American Elements. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
  7. ^ Moosath, S. S.; Abraham, John; Swaminathan, T. V. (August 1963). "Thermal Decomposition of Rare Earth Metal Oxalates. III. Oxalates of Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium and Yttrium". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 324 (1–2): 99–102. doi:10.1002/zaac.19633240112.
  8. ^ Louër, D.; Deneuve, F.; Ecochard, F. (June 1990). "Indexing of the Powder Diffraction Pattern of Yttrium Oxalate Dihydrate". Powder Diffraction. 5 (2): 104–105. Bibcode:1990PDiff...5..104L. doi:10.1017/S0885715600015438. S2CID 96385377.
  9. ^ McDonald, T. R. R.; Spink, J. M. (1967-12-10). "The crystal structure of a double oxalate of yttrium and ammonium, NH4Y(C2O4)2.H2O". Acta Crystallographica. 23 (6): 944–949. Bibcode:1967AcCry..23..944M. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67004104.
  10. ^ a b Vaidhyanathan, R.; Natarajan, Srinivasan; Rao, C. N. R. (January 2001). "Three-Dimensional Yttrium Oxalates Possessing Large Channels". Chemistry of Materials. 13 (1): 185–191. doi:10.1021/cm000419o. ISSN 0897-4756.
  11. ^ Genčova, O.; Šiftar, J. (1994). "Synthesis and Thermal Analysis of Double Oxalates of Rare Earths (III) with the Pyridinium Cation". Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Macedonia. 13: 25–28.
  12. ^ Bataille, T.; Louër, D. (1999-11-15). "Yttrium sodium oxalate tetrahydrate, [Y(H 2 O)]Na(C 2 O 4 ) 2 . 3H 2 O". Acta Crystallographica Section C: Crystal Structure Communications. 55 (11): 1760–1762. Bibcode:1999AcCrC..55.1760B. doi:10.1107/S0108270199009683. S2CID 93288364.
  13. ^ Bataille, T.; Auffrédic, J.-P.; Louër, D. (January 2000). "A Powder Diffraction Study of the Crystal Structure and the Dehydration Process of Yttrium Potassium Oxalate Tetrahydrate". Materials Science Forum. 321–324: 976–981. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.321-324.976. S2CID 98146305.
  14. ^ Zhang, Xingjing; Xing, Yongheng; Wang, Chunguang; Han, Jing; Li, Jing; Ge, Maofa; Zeng, Xiaoqing; Niu, Shuyun (March 2009). "Lanthanide–alkali metals–oxalates coordination polymers: Synthesis and structures of [Nd(C2O4)1.5(H2O)3]·2H2O, Nd(C2O4)(CH3COO)(H2O), KLn(C2O4)2(H2O)4 (Ln=Y, Tb)". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 362 (4): 1058–1064. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2008.05.029.
  15. ^ Bataille, Thierry; Auffrédic, Jean-Paul; Louër, Daniel (2000). "Crystal structure and thermal behaviour of the new layered oxalate Y(H2O)Cs(C2O4)2 studied by powder X-ray diffraction". Journal of Materials Chemistry. 10 (7): 1707–1711. doi:10.1039/b001201g.
  16. ^ Genčova, O.; šiftar, J. (April 1997). "Synthesis and dehydration of double oxalates of rare earths(III) with some monovalent metals: II. Investigations of RbLn(C2O4)2·nH2O". Journal of Thermal Analysis. 48 (4): 877–884. doi:10.1007/bf01997192. S2CID 95932914.
  17. ^ Bataille, Thierry; Louër, Daniel (2000-12-01). "Powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of the structure of [Y(H 2 O)] 2 (C 2 O 4 )(CO 3 ) 2". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science. 56 (6): 998–1002. doi:10.1107/S0108768100010004. PMID 11099966.