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The YF-20 is a Chinese liquid-fuel rocket engine burning N2O4 and UDMH in a gas generator cycle. It is a basic engine which when mounted in a four engine module forms the YF-21. The high altitude variation is known as the YF-22 is normally paired with the YF-23 vernier to form the YF-24 propulsion module for second stages. New versions when used individually for booster applications are called YF-25.[5][6]

Versions

The basic engine has been used since the Feng Bao 1 rocket and has been the main propulsion of the Long March 2, Long March 3 and Long March 4 families.[6][7][8]

  • YF-20: Core engine. Flown originally on the Feng Bao 1 and Long March 2A.[8][9][10]
  • YF-20A: Core engine.[11]
  • YF-20B (a.k.a. DaFY5-1): Core engine, also used on the boosters.[2][12][13]
  • YF-20C: Core engine, also used on the boosters.
  • YF-20D: Core engine, also used on the boosters.
  • YF-20E: Core engine, also used on the boosters.
  • YF-22: Upper stage version with enlarged nozzle are ratio. Flown originally on the Feng Bao 1 second stage with no verniers, and on the Long March 2A with the YF-23 verniers as the YF-24.[8][10]
  • YF-22A: Upper stage version.
  • YF-22B (a.k.a. DaFY20-1): Upper stage version.[12][13]
  • YF-22C: Upper stage version.
  • YF-22D: Upper stage version.
  • YF-22E: Upper stage version.
  • YF-25: Booster stage version.

Modules

A YF-24B engine
A YF-24B engine

While the basic engine was used multiple times, it was only used as a single engine for booster application. It is usually bundled into modules of multiple engines.[10][14][15]

The relevant modules for first stage application are:

  • YF-21: A module comprising four YF-20. Flown originally on the Feng Bao 1 and Long March 2A.[8][10]
  • YF-21A: A module comprising four YF-20A. Improved version.
  • YF-21B (a.k.a. DaFY6-2): A module comprising four YF-20B. Improved version which increased thrust by 7%.[12]
  • YF-21C: A module comprising four YF-20C. Improved version.[16]
  • YF-21D: A module comprising four YF-20D. Improved version.
  • YF-21E: A module comprising four YF-20E. Improved version.

The relevant modules for second stage application are:

  • YF-24: A module comprising an YF-22 and a YF-23 vernier. First flown on the Long March 2A.[10]
  • YF-24A: A module comprising an YF-22A and a YF-23A verniers.
  • YF-24B: A module comprising an YF-22B and a YF-23B verniers.
  • YF-24C: A module comprising an YF-22C and a YF-23C verniers.
  • YF-24D: A module comprising an YF-22D and a YF-23D verniers.
  • YF-24E: A module comprising an YF-22E and a YF-23E verniers.[16]

References

  1. ^ "Long March". Rocket and Space Technology. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
  2. ^ a b "YF-20B". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2015-08-24. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  3. ^ Sutton, George Paul (November 2005). "Liquid Rocket Propellant Engines in the People's Republic of China". History of Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines. AIAA. p. 873. ISBN 978-1563476495. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  4. ^ Mowthorpe, Matthew (2004). "Chinas Military Space Program". The Militarization and Weaponization of Space. Lexington Books. p. 90. ISBN 978-0739107133. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  5. ^ Harvey, Brian (2004). "Launch Centers Rockets and Engines". China's Space Program — From Conception to Manned Spaceflight. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 231. ISBN 978-1852335663. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  6. ^ a b Norbert Bgügge. "Asian space-rocket liquid-propellant engines". B14643.DE. Archived from the original on 2015-07-17. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  7. ^ Norbert Bgügge. "YF rocket engine history". B14643.DE. Archived from the original on 2015-07-17. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  8. ^ a b c d Norbert Bgügge. "Propulsion FB-1". B14643.DE. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  9. ^ "YF-20". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2015-08-24. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  10. ^ a b c d e Norbert Bgügge. "Propulsion CZ-2, CZ-2C, CZ-2D". B14643.DE. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  11. ^ "YF-20A". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2015-08-24. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  12. ^ a b c "Chapter 2 — General Description to LM-3B". LM-3B User's Manual. Issue 1999 (PDF). CASC. 1999. p. 2. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
  13. ^ a b "Chapter 2 — General Description to LM-2E". LM-2E User's Manual. Issue 1999 (PDF). CASC. 1999. p. 2. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
  14. ^ Norbert Bgügge. "Propulsion CZ-3, CZ-3A CZ-3B, CZ-3C". B14643.DE. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  15. ^ Norbert Bgügge. "Propulsion CZ-4A, CZ-4B, CZ-4C". B14643.DE. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  16. ^ a b "2.3 LM-3B and LM-3BE Launch Vehicles". LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual. Issue 2011 (PDF). CASC. 2011. pp. 2–16. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
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