Emblem of the House of Chakri

The King
The Queen
The Royal Consort

The Queen Mother

Niramon Ounprom (Thai: āļ™āļīāļĢāļĄāļĨ āļ­āļļāđˆāļ™āļžāļĢāļĄ, RTGS: Niramon Unphrom; nicknamed Koi; Thai: āļāđ‰āļ­āļĒ,[4] born 26 January 1985[1][2]) is an army officer, member of the Thai royal court, and a former Thai nurse.[5] She was named concubine and a long-time mistress of Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn of Thailand, who granted her several military ranks and positions, including the noble name of Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi (Thai: āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļ§āļ‡āļĻāđŒāļ§āļŠāļīāļĢāļēāļ āļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒ; RTGS: Sininat Wongwachiraphak). After Prince Vajiralongkorn ascended the throne as King Rama X, he appointed her as his Royal Noble Consort, giving her the noble title of Chao Khun Phra (āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°, "royal noble consort") Sineenat Bilaskalayani (Thai: āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ; RTGS: Sininat Philatkanlayani) in July 2019.[6] She is the first woman to hold the title of a royal concubine of the King of Thailand in almost a century as the previous monarch was monogamous.[7]

Early life and education

Sineenat was born on 26 January 1985,[1][2] to the Ounprom family, Wirat (father) and Pranee (mother).[2] Her place of birth is described as being in the Tha Wang Pha District of Nan Province, Thailand.[2][1] Her primary and secondary schools were also in the same district, at Rajapiyorasa Yupparachanusorn School, and at Tha Wang Pha Pittayakhom (Witthayakhom) School.[1][2] She went on to earn a bachelor's degree in nursing at the Royal Thai Army Nursing College in Bangkok in 2008 as a member of Class 41;[1][2] Ounprom presented a published conference paper on smoking cessation efforts among enlisted soldiers while affiliated with her college.[8][9]

Career

According to Sineenat's official court biography and other sources, from 2008 to 2012, Sineenat—then known by her earlier name, Niramon Ounprom—worked as a nurse at Phramongkutklao Hospital, and at an army hospital, the Ananda Mahidol Hospital.[1][3]

Ounprom is described in her official biography as having risen to the rank of colonel by 2015, and as having "enrolled in the Ratchawallop Police Retainers, the Royal King’s Guards 904".[1] Before this, Ounprom completed military training in parachuting, royal bodyguarding, and the Thai army's "Combat Qualifying Course in Jungle Warfare".[1] She holds a private pilot's license following training in Germany and flight school in 2018 with the Thai Air Force.[1] As of May 2019, she held the rank of major general.[1]

Royal consort

After Prince Vajiralongkorn ascended the throne as King Rama X, he appointed her as his Royal Noble Consort, giving her the noble title of Chao Khun Phra (āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°, "royal noble consort") Sineenat Bilaskalayani (Thai: āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ; RTGS: Sininat Philatkanlayani) in July 2019.[6] In August 2019, a biography with 60 photos of Chao Khun Phra Sineenat,[10][11] posted on the website of the Bureau of the Royal Household, was so frequently accessed that it caused the website to crash.[7][12][13][14][15]

On 30 August 2019, as Sineenat (Sininat or Sinina), she was appointed deputy adviser of a prison reform initiative, "Sharing Happiness And Doing Good With Heart With the Department of Corrections".[16]

Downfall and restoration

On 21 October 2019, King Rama X issued a royal edict stripping her of all her government, military, and noble ranks, positions, and titles, as well as royal decorations, citing her conflict with and disrespectful conduct towards his wife, Queen Suthida.[17][18] Until October 2021, her whereabouts were unknown, rumored to either be in prison or dead.[4]

On 27 August 2020, the Lat Yao Central Women's Correctional Prison was reportedly closed to visitors for two days,[19] and a Boeing 737 plane from King Rama X's private fleet was dispatched to Bangkok.[20] According to journalist Andrew MacGregor Marshall, the prison is where she had been held and the events were part of a plan to transport her in secret to Munich where she would join his retinue in quarantine,[21][22] in preparation for a possible future royal pardon and restoration of her titles.

On 29 August 2020, the restoration was made official with a royal edict stating that she had "never been a tarnished person" and proclaiming that all her titles, decorations and military ranks were fully restored as if they had never been revoked.[23][24]

Titles, styles, honours, and military ranks

All of her titles, honours, and military ranks were stripped by King Vajiralongkorn on 21 October 2019[25] and reinstated on 2 September 2020.[26]

Titles and styles

  • 26 January 1985 – December 2014: Miss Niramon Ounprom (Thai: āļ™āļīāļĢāļĄāļĨ āļ­āļļāđˆāļ™āļžāļĢāļĄ)
  • December 2014 – 28 July 2019: Phan Ek ("Colonel") Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi (Thai: āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļ§āļ‡āļĻāđŒāļ§āļŠāļīāļĢāļēāļ āļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒ)
  • 30 April 2019 – 24 May 2019: Than Phu Ying ("High Lady") Phan Ek ("Colonel") Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi (Thai: āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļŦāļāļīāļ‡ āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļ§āļ‡āļĻāđŒāļ§āļŠāļīāļĢāļēāļ āļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒ)[27]
  • 24 May 2019 – 28 July 2019: Than Phu Ying ("High Lady") Phon Tri ("Major General") Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi (Thai: āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļŦāļāļīāļ‡ āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļ§āļ‡āļĻāđŒāļ§āļŠāļīāļĢāļēāļ āļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒ)[27]
  • 28 July 2019 – present: Chao Khun Phra Her Highness ("Royal Noble Consort") Sineenat Bilaskalayani (Thai: āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ° āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ)[17]

Honours

Military ranks

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Official Biography of Royal Consort Released". The Nation (Thailand). 27 August 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Aunso (1 August 2019). "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ•āļīāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŠāđ‰āļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āđ€āļāļĩāļĒāļĢāļ•āļīāļĒāļĻ "āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ" āļŠāļ•āļĢāļĩāļ•āļģāđāļŦāļ™āđˆāļ‡āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ° āļ—āđˆāļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļŠāļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļ—āļĒ [Luxury/History and paths of honour: Fame and History—"Chao Khun Sininat Pailan Kanlayani", Lady Chao Chao Phra, The Second Person in Thailand]". Praew (āđāļžāļĢāļ§). Retrieved 21 October 2019.[better source needed]
  3. ^ a b c d Thaitrakulpanich, Asaree (30 July 2019). "Rama X Names First Royal Consort in Almost a Century". Khaosod English. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  4. ^ a b Loos, Tamara (Spring 2020). "The Personal is Political: Placing Thailand's Revival of Polygyny in Context". Southeast Asia Program Bulletin. Cornell University: 22–23. hdl:1813/69953.
  5. ^ For sources on her training and career, including positions at court, see sections following. The title subject is listed under this Anglicised Thai name in the English language portion of the program of conference proceedings, in 2007. See Ounprom, Niramon (5 December 2007), op. cit.
  6. ^ a b "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļŠāļ–āļēāļ›āļ™āļēāđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ" (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 136 (41 KhĮ’r): 3. 28 July 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2019.
  7. ^ a b Yuko, Elizabeth (29 August 2019). "Pictures of the Thai King's Consort Broke the Internet — But What's a Consort?". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  8. ^ Ounprom, Niramon (5 December 2007). Factors Influencing the Successfulness of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Infantry Privates in Bangkok (PDF). The 35th Annual Scientific Meeting of Phramongkutklao Hospital and Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Held in Conjunction with the University of Nevada School of Medicine, USA: Medical Progress for Healthy Long Life (in English and Thai). Bangkok. p. 27. Retrieved 21 October 2019. The Celebration on the Auspicious Occasion of His Majesty The King's 80th Birthday Anniversary
  9. ^ "Conference program" (PDF). Royal Thai Army Medical Journal. 60 (Supplement, 1): 27. November 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  10. ^ "Thai palace releases rare images of King Maha Vajiralongkorn's royal consort Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi". South China Morning Post. Agence France-Presse. 27 August 2019. Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  11. ^ ""āđƒāļ™āļŦāļĨāļ§āļ‡" āđ‚āļ›āļĢāļ”āđ€āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļŊāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļˆāļąāļ”āļ—āļģāļ›āļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ•āļī "āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ"". PostToday.com (in Thai). 26 August 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  12. ^ "āļ āļēāļžāļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™'āļžāļĢāļ°āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāļŦāļąāļ§-āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ'". Thai Post (in Thai). 26 August 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  13. ^ "62 āļ āļēāļž āđƒāļ™āļŦāļĨāļ§āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļ āļēāļžāļ–āđˆāļēāļĒ-āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ•āļī āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ (āļ­āļąāļĨāļšāļąāđ‰āļĄāļĢāļđāļ›)". Sanook.com (in Thai). 28 August 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  14. ^ "āđƒāļ™āļŦāļĨāļ§āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļ āļēāļžāļ–āđˆāļēāļĒ-āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ•āļī āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ (āļ­āļąāļĨāļšāļąāđ‰āļĄāļĢāļđāļ›)". Sanook.com (in Thai). 28 August 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  15. ^ "āļĢ.10 āđ‚āļ›āļĢāļ”āđ€āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļŊ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļ•āļīāđāļĨāļ°āļ āļēāļžāļ–āđˆāļēāļĒ "āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ"" (in Thai). Thai Public Broadcasting Service. 26 August 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  16. ^ Charuvastra, Teeranai (30 August 2019). "King's consort to help lead prison charity". Khaosod English. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g "āļžāļĢāļ°āļšāļĢāļĄāļĢāļēāļŠāđ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢ āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĢāļēāļŠāļāļēāļĢāđƒāļ™āļžāļĢāļ°āļ­āļ‡āļ„āđŒāļāđˆāļēāļĒāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļžāđ‰āļ™āļˆāļēāļāļ•āļģāđāļŦāļ™āđˆāļ‡ āļ–āļ­āļ”āļāļēāļ™āļąāļ™āļ”āļĢāļĻāļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒ āđāļĨāļ°āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢ āļ•āļĨāļ­āļ”āļˆāļ™āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļ„āļ·āļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒāļ—āļļāļāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļĢāļē [āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ]" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 136 (55 B). Bangkok: āļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāđ€āļĨāļ‚āļēāļ˜āļīāļāļēāļĢāļ„āļ“āļ°āļĢāļąāļāļĄāļ™āļ•āļĢāļĩ: 1–2. 21 October 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  18. ^ BBC Staff (21 October 2019). "Thai King Strips Consort of Titles for 'Disloyalty'". BBC News. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  19. ^ Andrew MacGregor Marshall [@zenjournalist] (28 August 2020). "Here's the notice from the Central Women's Correctional Institution at Lat Yao banning visitors yesterday and today due to a "big cleaning day". This is to enable King Vajiralongkorn's former consort Sineenat "Koi" Wongvajirapakdi to be quietly removed from the prison" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  20. ^ Flightradar24. "Live Flight Tracker - Real-Time Flight Tracker Map". Flightradar24. Retrieved 29 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ "Updated: Sineenat's travels". Political Prisoners in Thailand. 28 August 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  22. ^ "Rama X. von Thailand: Er holt seine Zweitfrau aus dem GefÃĪngnis - nachdem er sie selbst einsperren ließ". rtl.de (in German). Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  23. ^ "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āđāļ•āđˆāļ‡āļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ”āļēāļĢāļ‡āļāļēāļ™āļąāļ™āļ”āļĢāļĻāļąāļāļ”āļīāđŒāđāļĨāļ°āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒāļ—āļļāļāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āļĢāļē" (PDF). Government Gazette. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  24. ^ "Thai king reinstates titles to royal consort ousted over 'disloyalty'". South China Morning Post. 2 September 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  25. ^ "Thailand's king strips 'disloyal' royal consort of titles and military ranks". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 21 October 2019. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  26. ^ "Thailand's king reinstates his consort after her fall from grace". BBC News. 2 September 2020.
  27. ^ a b "āđ€āļŠāđ‰āļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āđ€āļāļĩāļĒāļĢāļ•āļīāļĒāļĻ āđ€āļˆāđ‰āļēāļ„āļļāļ“āļžāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ™āļĩāļ™āļēāļ āļžāļīāļĨāļēāļŠāļāļąāļĨāļĒāļēāļ“āļĩ". 29 July 2019 – via www.bbc.com.
  28. ^ "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļ—āļĢāļ‡āļžāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļļāļ“āļēāđ‚āļ›āļĢāļ”āđ€āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāđ‚āļ›āļĢāļ”āļāļĢāļ°āļŦāļĄāđˆāļ­āļĄāļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļĢāļ“āļĩāļžāļīāđ€āļĻāļĐ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 134 (41āļ‚): 2. 17 August 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  29. ^ a b "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļŠāļēāļĒāļŠāļ°āļžāļēāļĒ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). āđ‘āđ“āđ– (āđ‘āđ˜ āļ‚): āđ‘. 9 May 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  30. ^ a b Proctor, Charlie (21 October 2019). "BREAKING: Thailand's King Strips His Consort of Her Titles for Disloyalty". Royal Central. London. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
  31. ^ The Khaosod English and Royal Central articles refer to this honour as "The Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, Special Class".
  32. ^ a b "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĢāļēāļŠāļ­āļīāļŠāļĢāļīāļĒāļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒāļˆāļļāļĨāļˆāļ­āļĄāđ€āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļŦāļĢāļĩāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļ•āļ™āļēāļ āļĢāļ“āđŒ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). āđ‘āđ“āđ– (āđ‘āđ— āļ‚): āđ‘. 9 May 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  33. ^ The Khaosod English and Royal Central articles refer to this honour as "The Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand, Special Class".
  34. ^ "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāļ™āļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļ™āļ•āļĢāļĩ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļģāļāļ§āđˆāļēāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļēāļĒāļžāļĨ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 126 (10 āļ‚): 182. 14 August 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  35. ^ "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāļ™āļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļ™āļ•āļĢāļĩ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļģāļāļ§āđˆāļēāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļēāļĒāļžāļĨ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 129 (15 āļ‚): 121. 27 April 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  36. ^ āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāļ™āļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļ™āļ•āļĢāļĩ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļ•āđˆāļģāļāļ§āđˆāļēāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļēāļĒāļžāļĨ (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 129 (27āļ‚). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016.
  37. ^ "āļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻāļŠāļģāļ™āļąāļāļ™āļēāļĒāļāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļ™āļ•āļĢāļĩ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ•āđˆāļģāļāļ§āđˆāļēāļ™āļēāļĒāļžāļĨ" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 134 (1 āļ‚): 2. 6 January 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  38. ^ "āļžāļĢāļ°āļšāļĢāļĄāļĢāļēāļŠāđ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ›āļĢāļ°āļāļēāļĻ āđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļžāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļŠāļ—āļēāļ™āļĒāļĻāļ—āļŦāļēāļĢāļŠāļąāđ‰āļ™āļ™āļēāļĒāļžāļĨ āđāļĨāļ°āđāļ•āđˆāļ‡āļ•āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĢāļēāļŠāļšāļĢāļīāļžāļēāļĢāđƒāļ™āļžāļĢāļ°āļ­āļ‡āļ„āđŒāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļ”āļģāļĢāļ‡āļ•āļģāđāļŦāļ™āđˆāļ‡" (PDF). āļĢāļēāļŠāļāļīāļˆāļˆāļēāļ™āļļāđ€āļšāļāļĐāļē (in Thai). 116 (24 āļ‚): 1–2. 24 May 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.