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The Shaowu dialect is a dialect of Shao-Jiang Min Chinese spoken in Shaowu, Nanping in northwestern Fujian province of China. It combines elements from Northern Min and Gan Chinese.

Phonology

The Shaowu dialect has 20 initials, 46 rimes and 6 tones.

Initials

p, pʰ, m, f, v, t, tʰ, n, l, t͡s, t͡sʰ, s, t͡ɕ, t͡ɕʰ, ɕ, k, kʰ, ŋ, x, ʔ

Rimes

ɿ, i, u, y, a, i, ua, o, io, uo, ie, ye, ə, uə, ɯ, ai, uai, oi, ei, uei, əi, au, iau, ou, iou, əu, an, in, uan, yn, on, uon, en, ien, yen, ən, uən, aŋ, iaŋ, uaŋ, oŋ, ioŋ, uoŋ, ŋ̍, iuŋ, uŋ

Tones

No.	1	2	3	4	5	6
Tone name	dark level 陰平	light level 陽平	rising 上聲	dark departing 陰去	light departing 陽去	entering 入聲
Tone contour	˨˩ (21)	˨ (22)	˥ (55)	˨˩˧ (213)	˧˥ (35)	˥˧ (53)

Notes

^ Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.^[1]^[2]^[3]

References

^ Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR 2718766
^ Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1984), Middle Chinese: A study in Historical Phonology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, p. 3, ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8
^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10). "Glottolog 4.8 - Min". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 2023-10-13. Retrieved 2023-10-13.

Compilation Commission of Chorography of Shaowu City 邵武市地方志编纂委员会 (1993). Shao wu shi zhi 邵武市志 ["Chorography of Sanming City"]. Vol. 38. Beijing: Qunzhong chubanshe 群众出版社 ["Masses Press"]. ISBN 7-5014-1053-4.
Compilation Commission of Chorography of Fujian Province 福建省地方志编纂委员会 (1998). Fu jian sheng zhi fang yan zhi 福建省志·方言志 ["Chorography of dialect, Chorography of Fujian Province"]. Vol. 7. Beijing: Fangzhi chubanshe 方志出版社 ["Chorography Press"]. ISBN 7-80122-279-2.
Ngai, Sing Sing (2021). A Grammar of Shaowu. A Sinitic Language of Northwestern Fujian. Boston/Berlin: de Gruyter. ISBN 978-1-5015-1772-3.

[minClassification-4] Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.^[1]^[2]^[3]

[1] Mei, Tsu-lin (1970), "Tones and prosody in Middle Chinese and the origin of the rising tone", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 30: 86–110, doi:10.2307/2718766, JSTOR 2718766

[2] Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (1984), Middle Chinese: A study in Historical Phonology, Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, p. 3, ISBN 978-0-7748-0192-8

[glottoMin-3] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10). "Glottolog 4.8 - Min". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 2023-10-13. Retrieved 2023-10-13.

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