Penicillium citrinum is an anamorph, mesophilic fungus species of the genus of Penicillium which produces tanzawaic acid A-D, ACC, Mevastatin, Quinocitrinine A, Quinocitrinine B, and nephrotoxic citrinin.[1][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Penicillium citrinum is often found on moldy citrus fruits and occasionally it occurs in tropical spices and cereals.[12] This Penicillium species also causes mortality for the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus.[13][14] Because of its mesophilic character, Penicillium citrinum occurs worldwide.[6] The first statin (Mevastatin) was 1970 isolated from this species.[3]

Further reading

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c MycoBank
  2. ^ Straininfo of Penicillium citrinum
  3. ^ a b Endo, A.; Kuroda, M.; Tsujita, Y. (1976). "ML-236A, ML-236B, and ML-236C, new inhibitors of cholesterogensis produced by Penicillium citrinum". The Journal of Antibiotics. 29 (12): 1346–8. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.29.1346. PMID 1010803.
  4. ^ Kozlovsky, A. G.; Zhelifonova, V. P.; Antipova, T. V.; Adanin, V. M.; Ozerskaya, S. M.; Kochkina, G. A.; Schlegel, B.; Dahse, H. M.; Gollmick, F. A.; Gräfe, U. (2003). "Quinocitrinines a and B, New Quinoline Alkaloids from Penicillium citrinum Thom 1910, a Permafrost Fungus". The Journal of Antibiotics. 56 (5): 488–91. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.56.488. PMID 12870815.
  5. ^ UniProt
  6. ^ a b John I. Pitt, Ailsa D. Hocking (2009). Fungi and Food Spoilage. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0387922072.
  7. ^ Malmstrøm, J; Christophersen, C; Frisvad, J. C. (2000). "Secondary metabolites characteristic of Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium steckii and related species". Phytochemistry. 54 (3): 301–9. Bibcode:2000PChem..54..301M. doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00106-0. PMID 10870185. S2CID 26854745.
  8. ^ Mossini, S. A. G.; Kemmelmeier, C. (2008). "Inhibition of Citrinin Production in Penicillium citrinum Cultures by Neem [Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae)]". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 9 (9): 1676–1684. doi:10.3390/ijms9091676. PMC 2635761. PMID 19325825.
  9. ^ Houbraken, J. A. M. P.; Frisvad, J. C.; Samson, R. A. (2010). "Taxonomy of Penicillium citrinum and related species". Fungal Diversity. 44: 117–133. doi:10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z.
  10. ^ ATCC
  11. ^ Honma, M.; Jia, Y. J.; Kakuta, Y.; Matsui, H. (1999). "Metabolism of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid by Penicillium Citrinum". Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene II. pp. 33–34. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4453-7_7. ISBN 978-94-010-5910-7.
  12. ^ schimmel-schimmelpilze.de
  13. ^ Maketon, M; Amnuaykanjanasin, A; Kaysorngup, A (2014). "A rapid knockdown effect of Penicillium citrinum for control of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Thailand". World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 30 (2): 727–36. doi:10.1007/s11274-013-1500-4. PMID 24078109. S2CID 31999532.
  14. ^ Da Costa, G. L.; De Oliveira, P. C. (1998). "Penicillium species in mosquitoes from two Brazilian regions". Journal of Basic Microbiology. 38 (5–6): 343–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4028(199811)38:5/6<343::AID-JOBM343>3.0.CO;2-Z. PMID 9871332. S2CID 221872097.