The NGC 4631 Group is a poorly defined group of galaxies, about 25 million light-years from Earth in the Coma Berenices and Canes Venatici constellations.
The NGC 4631 Group is one of many that lie within the Virgo Supercluster.[3]
Members
- spiral galaxy NGC 4631 (Whale Galaxy), brightest galaxy in the group [3]
- interacting galaxies NGC 4656 and NGC 4657 (Hockey Stick Galaxies)
- dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 4627, which is a companion of NGC 4631,[5] is also by default a member of the group, although it is not listed in most catalogs
Aside from these four galaxies, however, the determination of group membership is quite variable. The group lies in a relatively crowded part of the sky near the Virgo Cluster, so exact determination of the group membership is extremely difficult. Some studies have estimated that the NGC 4631 Group contains as few as five galaxies,[4] while others place the estimate as high as 27.[2] Additionally, it is unclear as to whether the galaxies near NGC 4631 and NGC 4656/NGC 4657 form one large group or two smaller groups.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e A. M. Garcia (1993). "General study of group membership. II - Determination of nearby groups". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 100: 47–90. Bibcode:1993A&AS..100...47G.
- ^ a b c d e f g h G. Giuricin; C. Marinoni; L. Ceriani; A. Pisani (2000). "Nearby Optical Galaxies: Selection of the Sample and Identification of Groups". Astrophysical Journal. 543 (1): 178–194. arXiv:astro-ph/0001140. Bibcode:2000ApJ...543..178G. doi:10.1086/317070. S2CID 9618325.
- ^ a b c d P. Fouque; E. Gourgoulhon; P. Chamaraux; G. Paturel (1992). "Groups of galaxies within 80 Mpc. II - The catalogue of groups and group members". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 93: 211–233. Bibcode:1992A&AS...93..211F.
- ^ a b R. B. Tully (1988). Nearby Galaxies Catalog. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35299-1.
- ^ H. Arp (1966). "Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 14: 1–20. Bibcode:1966ApJS...14....1A. doi:10.1086/190147.
External links
- The Whale and the Hockey Stick Astronomy Picture of the Day of 2009 August 21
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