Hosta

Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTTP, also known as MTP, gene.^[5][6]

MTTP encodes the large subunit of the heterodimeric microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP). Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) completes the heterodimeric MTP, which has been shown to play a central role in lipoprotein assembly. Mutations in MTTP can cause abetalipoproteinemia.^[6]

Apolipoprotein B48 on chylomicra and Apolipoprotein B100 on LDL, IDL, and VLDL are important for MTP binding.^{[citation needed]}

Structure

The large subunit of MTP, also known as the alpha subunit, contains an N-terminal half beta barrel, an alpha helix and a C-terminal lipid binding site that lies between two beta pleated sheets. It is a member of the large lipid transfer protein family, like apolipoprotein B (apo B), with which it interacts, but unlike apo B, it is not secreted. The heterodimer is instead retained in the endoplasmic reticulum due to the presence of a C-terminal KDEL motif on the PDI beta subunit.^[7]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

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|alt=Statin pathway edit]]

Statin pathway edit

1. ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "Statin_Pathway_WP430".

Pharmacology

Drugs that inhibit MTTP prevent the assembly of apo B-containing lipoproteins thus inhibiting the synthesis of chylomicrons and VLDL and leading to decrease in plasma levels of LDL-C.

• Lomitapide (Juxtapid) was approved by the US FDA for adjunctive treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
• Dirlotapide (Slentrol) and mitratapide (Yarvitan) are veterinary drugs for the management of obesity in dogs.

References

Further reading