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A town is a sub-type of municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario. A town can have the municipal status of either a single-tier or lower-tier municipality.

Ontario has 88 towns[1] that had a cumulative population of 1,813,458 and an average population of 22,316 in the 2016 Census.[2] In the 2021 Census, Ontario's largest and smallest towns are Oakville and Latchford with populations of 213,759[3] and 355[4] respectively.

History

Under the former Municipal Act, 1990, a town was both an urban and a local municipality.[5] Under this former legislation, a locality with a population of 2,000 or more could have been incorporated as a town by Ontario's Municipal Board upon review of an application from 75 or more residents of the locality.[5] It also enabled the Municipal Board to change the status of a village or township to a town if it had a population of 2,000 upon review of an application from the village or township.[5]

In the transition to the Municipal Act, 2001, these requirements were abandoned and, as at December 31, 2002, every town that:[6]

  • "existed and formed part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a lower-tier municipality yet retained its name as a town; and
  • "existed and did not form part of a county, a regional or district municipality or the County of Oxford for municipal purposes" became a single-tier municipality yet retained its name as a town.

The current legislation also provides lower and single-tier municipalities with the authority to name themselves as "towns", or other former municipal status types such as "cities", "villages" or "townships", or generically as "municipalities".[7]

Towns in Ontario

Name[1][2] Municipal
status[1] 		Geographic area[1] Population
(2016)[2] 		Population
(2011)[8] 		Change
(%)[2] 		Area
(km2)[2] 		Population
density[2]
Ajax Lower-tier Durham 119,677 109,600 9.2 67.00 1,786.4
Amherstburg Lower-tier Essex 21,936 21,556 1.8 185.61 118.2
Arnprior Lower-tier Renfrew 8,795 8,114 8.4 13.07 672.7
Atikokan Single-tier Rainy River 2,753 2,787 −1.2 319.52 8.6
Aurora Lower-tier York 55,445 53,203 4.2 49.85 1,112.3
Aylmer Lower-tier Elgin 7,492 7,151 4.8 6.26 1,197.6
Bancroft Lower-tier Hastings 3,881 3,880 0.00 229.51 16.9
Blind River Single-tier Algoma 3,472 3,549 −2.2 525.65 6.6
Bracebridge Lower-tier Muskoka 16,010 15,414 3.9 628.22 25.5
Bradford West Gwillimbury Lower-tier Simcoe 35,325 28,077 25.8 201.04 175.7
Bruce Mines Single-tier Algoma 582 566 2.8 6.22 93.6
Caledon Lower-tier Peel 66,502 59,460 11.8 688.16 96.6
Carleton Place Lower-tier Lanark 10,644 9,809 8.5 9.05 1,176.2
Cobalt Single-tier Timiskaming 1,128 1,133 −0.4 2.08 541.8
Cobourg Lower-tier Northumberland 19,440 18,519 5.0 22.36 869.3
Cochrane Single-tier Cochrane 5,321 5,340 −0.4 539.12 9.9
Collingwood Lower-tier Simcoe 21,793 19,241 13.3 33.78 645.1
Deep River Lower-tier Renfrew 4,109 4,193 −2.0 50.13 82.0
Deseronto Lower-tier Hastings 1,774 1,835 −3.3 2.51 705.7
East Gwillimbury Lower-tier York 23,991 22,473 6.8 245.04 97.9
Englehart Single-tier Timiskaming 1,479 1,519 −2.6 3.02 489.7
Erin Lower-tier Wellington 11,439 10,770 6.2 297.76 38.4
Espanola Single-tier Sudbury 4,996 5,364 −6.9 82.82 60.3
Essex Lower-tier Essex 20,427 19,600 4.2 277.97 73.5
Fort Erie Lower-tier Niagara 30,710 29,960 2.5 166.27 184.7
Fort Frances Single-tier Rainy River 7,739 7,952 −2.7 25.51 303.4
Gananoque Single-tier Leeds and Grenville 5,159 5,194 −0.7 7.03 733.6
Georgina Lower-tier York 45,418 43,517 4.4 287.75 157.8
Goderich Lower-tier Huron 7,628 7,526 1.4 8.64 882.8
Gore Bay Single-tier Manitoulin 867 850 2.0 5.23 165.7
Grand Valley Lower-tier Dufferin 2,956 2,726 8.4 158.23 18.7
Gravenhurst Lower-tier Muskoka 12,311 12,055 2.1 518.06 23.8
Greater Napanee Lower-tier Lennox and Addington 15,892 15,511 2.5 461.17 34.5
Grimsby Lower-tier Niagara 27,314 25,325 7.9 68.93 396.3
Halton Hills Lower-tier Halton 61,161 59,013 3.6 276.27 221.4
Hanover Lower-tier Grey 7,688 7,490 2.6 9.80 784.9
Hawkesbury Lower-tier Prescott and Russell 10,263 10,551 −2.7 9.62 1,067.3
Hearst Single-tier Cochrane 5,070 5,090 −0.4 98.52 51.5
Huntsville Lower-tier Muskoka 19,816 19,056 4.0 710.01 27.9
Ingersoll Lower-tier Oxford 12,757 12,146 5.0 12.75 1,000.7
Innisfil Lower-tier Simcoe 36,566 32,727 11.7 262.71 139.2
Iroquois Falls Single-tier Cochrane 4,537 4,595 −1.3 600.01 7.6
Kapuskasing Single-tier Cochrane 8,292 8,196 1.2 84.37 98.3
Kearney Single-tier Parry Sound 882 841 4.9 532.00 1.7
Kingsville Lower-tier Essex 21,552 21,362 0.9 246.83 87.3
Kirkland Lake Single-tier Timiskaming 7,981 8,493 −6.7 262.13 30.4
Lakeshore Lower-tier Essex 36,611 34,546 6.0 530.33 69.0
LaSalle Lower-tier Essex 30,180 28,643 5.4 65.35 461.8
Latchford Single-tier Timiskaming 313 387 −19.1 153.53 2.0
Laurentian Hills Lower-tier Renfrew 2,961 2,811 5.3 642.03 4.6
Lincoln Lower-tier Niagara 23,787 22,487 5.8 162.81 146.1
Marathon Single-tier Thunder Bay 3,273 3,353 −2.4 170.54 19.2
Mattawa Single-tier Nipissing 1,993 2,023 −1.5 3.66 544.8
Midland Lower-tier Simcoe 16,864 16,572 1.8 35.34 477.3
Milton Lower-tier Halton 110,128 84,362 30.5 363.22 303.2
Minto Lower-tier Wellington 8,671 8,334 4.0 300.69 28.8
Mississippi Mills Lower-tier Lanark 13,163 12,385 6.3 519.58 25.3
Mono Lower-tier Dufferin 8,609 7,546 14.1 277.83 31.0
Moosonee Single-tier Cochrane 1,481 1,725 −14.1 546.72 2.7
New Tecumseth Lower-tier Simcoe 34,242 30,234 13.3 274.21 124.9
Newmarket Lower-tier York 84,224 79,978 5.3 38.45 2,190.5
Niagara-on-the-Lake Lower-tier Niagara 17,511 15,400 13.7 132.80 131.8
Oakville Lower-tier Halton 193,832 182,520 6.2 138.89 1,395.6
Orangeville Lower-tier Dufferin 28,900 27,975 3.3 15.61 1,851.9
Parry Sound Single-tier Parry Sound 6,408 6,191 3.5 13.40 478.2
Pelham Lower-tier Niagara 17,110 16,598 3.1 126.43 135.3
Penetanguishene Lower-tier Simcoe 8,962 9,111 −1.6 25.58 350.3
Perth Lower-tier Lanark 5,930 5,840 1.5 12.25 484.1
Petawawa Lower-tier Renfrew 17,187 15,988 7.5 166.69 103.1
Petrolia Lower-tier Lambton 5,742 5,528 3.9 12.68 452.8
Plympton-Wyoming Lower-tier Lambton 7,795 7,576 2.9 318.78 24.5
Prescott Single-tier Leeds and Grenville 4,222 4,284 −1.4 4.93 856.2
Rainy River Single-tier Rainy River 807 842 −4.2 3.11 259.9
Renfrew Lower-tier Renfrew 8,223 8,218 0.1 12.78 643.4
Saugeen Shores Lower-tier Bruce 13,715 12,661 8.3 171.05 80.2
Shelburne Lower-tier Dufferin 8,126 5,846 39.0 6.56 1,238.1
Smiths Falls Single-tier Lanark 8,780 8,978 −2.2 9.66 909.1
Smooth Rock Falls Single-tier Cochrane 1,330 1,376 −3.3 200.10 6.6
South Bruce Peninsula Lower-tier Bruce 8,416 8,413 0.0 532.29 15.8
Spanish Single-tier Algoma 712 696 2.3 108.67 6.6
St. Marys Single-tier Perth 7,265 6,655 9.2 12.45 583.5
Tecumseh Lower-tier Essex 23,229 23,610 −1.6 94.64 245.4
The Blue Mountains Lower-tier Grey 7,025 6,453 8.9 287.24 24.5
Thessalon Single-tier Algoma 1,286 1,279 0.5 4.52 284.6
Tillsonburg Lower-tier Oxford 15,872 15,301 3.7 22.33 710.8
Wasaga Beach Lower-tier Simcoe 20,675 17,537 17.9 58.64 352.6
Whitby Lower-tier Durham 128,377 122,022 5.2 146.66 875.4
Whitchurch-Stouffville Lower-tier York 45,837 37,628 21.8 206.22 222.3
Total towns 1,813,458 1,753,040 4.9 16,787.36 415.19

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "List of Ontario municipalities". Government of Ontario. Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing. August 19, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017.
  3. ^ "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population: Profile table". Statistics Canada. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
  4. ^ "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population: Profile table". Statistics Canada. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
  5. ^ a b c "Municipal Act, R.S.O. 1990, Chapter M.45". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  6. ^ "Municipal Act, S.O. 2001, Chapter 25". Service Ontario. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  7. ^ "The Municipal Councillor's Guide". Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing. Retrieved June 29, 2013.
  8. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Ontario)". Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
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