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Josef Abramovich Ringo (Russian: Иосиф Абрамович Ринго) was a Russian scientist, inventor, writer.[1][2]

Life and career

Josef Ringo was born in Vitebsk in 1883. From 1905 until 1918 he studied and worked in both Switzerland and France.[1] Ringo graduated from the Universities of Bern, Zurich and Nancy, received an education as an engineer and philosopher. He was fluent in five languages.

In 1917 in Switzerland he published the book Jewish Question in its Historical Context and its Proposed Solution (German: Die Judenfrage in ihrem geschichtlichen Zusammenhang und Vorschläge ihrer Lösung).[3] In the book, he analyzed the history of the so-called Jewish question, and advocated the establishment of a Jewish state.

Title page of Die Judenfrage in ihrem geschichtlichen Zusammenhang und Vorschläge ihrer Lösung. 1917
Title page of Die Judenfrage in ihrem geschichtlichen Zusammenhang und Vorschläge ihrer Lösung. 1917

In Switzerland Josef met Vladimir Lenin. Lenin invited Ringo to come to Moscow to take part in the plan of electrification of Moscow.[4] From 1918 to 1922 he worked as the head of the electric department of Moscow and the Moscow region, provincial electrical engineer, then director of the electrical installation office of the Moscow Sovnarkhoz[5] and the department of small-scale electrification of the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy. Later he was employed as a worker in the chemical industry.[1] In 1921 under Lenin's order Ringo managed to electrify the residence of Lenin in Gorki in an extremely short amount of time.[6] Ringo patented a large number of inventions,[7][8] including patents in the field of lightning protection.

References

  1. ^ a b c Lenin's archive, edition 5, book 52, name glossary. p. 499.
  2. ^ Yemelyan Yaroslavsky (1924). Жизнь и работа В.И. Ленина - 23 апреля 1870-21 января 1924 [Life and work of V.I. Lenin - 23 April 1870-21 January 1924]. Moscow: Government Publisher. p. 158.
  3. ^ Freimann-Sammlung / Die Judenfrage in ihrem geschichtlichen Zusammenhang und Vorschläge. 1917.
  4. ^ "В.И.Ленин Полное Собрание Сочинений том 52 В. И. ЛЕНИН стр. 14". Archived from the original on 2 January 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
  5. ^ Вся Москва. Адресная и справочная книга на 1927 год. Отдел 2. Общесправочный отдел [All Moscow. Address and reference book for 1927. Department 2. General information department]. Moscow: Publishing house of the Moscow Communal Services. 1927. p. 120. ISBN 9785445820284.
  6. ^ "Январь 1921 (вторая декада до 22)".
  7. ^ "Аппарат для измерения количества протекающей по трубе жидкости — SU 32754".
  8. ^ "Устройство для сигнализации о появлении кислоты, щелочи или солей в воде — SU 36223".

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