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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
See Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Estonian.
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Diphthongs
Vowel | ɑ | e | i | o | u |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ɑ | ɑe̯ | ɑi̯ | ɑo̯ | ɑu̯ | |
e | eɑ̯ | ei̯ | eo̯ | (eu̯) | |
i | (iɑ̯) | (ie̯) | (io̯) | iu̯ | |
o | oɑ̯ | oe̯ | oi̯ | ou̯ | |
u | (uɑ̯) | (ue̯) | ui̯ | uo̯ | |
ɤ | ɤɑ̯ | ɤe̯ | ɤi̯ | ɤo̯ | ɤu̯ |
æ | æe̯ | æi̯ | æo̯ | æu̯ | |
ø | øɑ̯ | øe̯ | øi̯ | (øo) | (øu) |
y | yɑ̯ | (ye̯) | yi̯ | (yo̯) |
See also
Notes
- ^ a b [f] and [ʃ] occur only in loanwords; the latter is replaced by [s] by many speakers.
- ^ a b c d Palatalized consonants [tʲ nʲ sʲ lʲ] are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but the tongue is constricted towards the hard palate as if a simultaneous /j/ were being pronounced.
- ^ Allophone of /n/ before [k].
- ^ a b c Estonian has a three-way contrast between short, long, and overlong syllables. This contrast is present on both consonants and vowels. In some IPA transcriptions long sounds are marked with a single IPA length marker /ː/ and overlong with two /ːː/, while other transcriptions use half-long /ˑ/ and long /ː/ respectively. Overlong syllables also feature a falling pitch contour, while short and long syllables have a level pitch; however this is not marked.
- ^ From Asu & Teras (2009:370)
References
- Asu, Eva Liina; Teras, Pire (2009), "Estonian" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 39 (3): 367–372, doi:10.1017/s002510030999017x
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