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Efringen-Kirchen is a municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Fortifications
During World War I fortifications were built at Istein; these were destroyed at the end of the war. In 1936 plans were drawn up to turn the location into the "Gibraltar of the West" with two kilometres of underground passages linking gun emplacements and bunkers. The site was to host an underground garage for over 100 tanks, 3600 men and as part of the Siegfried Line it would dwarf similar Maginot Line fortifications. Work began in 1937 and Hermann Göring visited in the spring of 1938. By 1939 several installations were complete but as the war progressed advantageously for the Germans in 1940 the site remained unfinished.[3]
Communities within Efringen-Kirchen
- Blansingen
- Efringen
- Egringen
- Huttingen
- Istein
- Kirchen
- Kleinkems
- Mappach
- Maugenhard
- Welmlingen
- Wintersweiler[4]
Religion
Churches
References
- ^ Bürgermeisterwahl Efringen-Kirchen 2022, Staatsanzeiger.
- ^ "Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht am 31. Dezember 2022" [Population by nationality and sex as of December 31, 2022] (CSV) (in German). Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg. June 2023.
- ^ Kaufmann JE, Kaufmann HW: "Fortress third Reich", page 128. DA Capo Press, 2003.
- ^ Efringen-Kirchen im Markgräflerland
External links
- (in German) Information about and images
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