Hosta

The crista terminalis (also known as the terminal crest,^{[citation needed]} or crista terminalis of His^[1]) is a vertical ridge on the^[2]^: 56 posterolateral^[3] inner surface of the adult right atrium extending between the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava.^[2]^: 56 The crista terminalis denotes where the junction of the embryologic sinus venosus and the right atrium occurred during embryonic development.^[3] It forms a boundary between the rough^[2]^: 56 trabecular^[4] portion and the smooth, sinus venosus-derived portion (sinus venarum) of the internal surface of the right atrium. The sinoatrial node is located within the crista terminalis.^[2]^: 56

Anatomy

The crista terminalis generally takes the form of a smooth-surfaced, crescent-shaped thickened portion of heart muscle at the opening into the right atrial appendage.^{[citation needed]} It consists of fibromuscular tissue.^[3]

Features

On the external aspect of the right atrium, corresponding to the crista terminalis, is a groove - the terminal sulcus.^{[citation needed]}

The crista terminalis provides the origin for the pectinate muscles.^{[citation needed]}

The sinoatrial node is located in the superior part of the crista terminalis at the junction of the right atrium, and superior vena cava.^[2]^: 60

Development

During the development of the human heart, the right horn and transverse portion of the sinus venosus ultimately become incorporated with and form a part of the adult right atrium.^[1] The right sinus horn^[4] of the sinus venosus develops into the sinus venarum; in the adult right atrium, the portion of right atrium derived from the sinus venosus has a smooth inner surface.^[2]^: 56

Clinical significance

A prominent crista terminalis may be mistaken for a cardiac mass during heart imaging; a prominent crista terminalis appears as a hyperechoic ridge on echocardiography, and homogenous to adjacent atrial wall on CT and MRI.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Gray, Henry (1918). Gray's Anatomy (20th ed.). p. 509.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Morton, David A. (2019). The Big Picture: Gross Anatomy. K. Bo Foreman, Kurt H. Albertine (2nd ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1-259-86264-9. OCLC 1044772257.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Pieper, Matthew S.; Araoz, Philip A. (2016-01-01), Herrmann, Joerg (ed.), "Chapter 5 - Cardiac Tumors: Imaging", Clinical Cardio-Oncology, Elsevier, pp. 77–90, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-44227-5.00005-3, ISBN 978-0-323-44227-5, retrieved 2020-11-17
^ ^a ^b T. W., Sadler (2018). Langman's Medical Embryology (14th ed.). Philadelphia. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-4963-8390-7. OCLC 1042400100.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links

Anatomy photo:20:13-0106 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Heart: Chamber of Right Atrium"
Atlas image: ht_rt_atrium at the University of Michigan Health System - "Right atrium, internal structure, anterior view"
Diagram at ctsnet.org

[:3-1] Gray, Henry (1918). Gray's Anatomy (20th ed.). p. 509.

[:1-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Morton, David A. (2019). The Big Picture: Gross Anatomy. K. Bo Foreman, Kurt H. Albertine (2nd ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1-259-86264-9. OCLC 1044772257.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[:0-3] Pieper, Matthew S.; Araoz, Philip A. (2016-01-01), Herrmann, Joerg (ed.), "Chapter 5 - Cardiac Tumors: Imaging", Clinical Cardio-Oncology, Elsevier, pp. 77–90, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-44227-5.00005-3, ISBN 978-0-323-44227-5, retrieved 2020-11-17

[:2-4] T. W., Sadler (2018). Langman's Medical Embryology (14th ed.). Philadelphia. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-4963-8390-7. OCLC 1042400100.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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