Conessine is a steroidal alkaloid found in a number of plant species from the family Apocynaceae, including Holarrhena floribunda,[1] Holarrhena antidysenterica[2] and Funtumia elastica.[3] It acts as a histamine antagonist, selective for the H3 subtype (with an affinity of pKi = 8.27; Ki = ~5 nM).[4] It was also found to have long CNS clearance times, high blood–brain barrier penetration and high affinity for the adrenergic receptors.[5]

References

  1. ^ Duez, P; Chamart, S; Lejoly, J; Hanocq, M; Zeba, B; Sawadogo, M; Guissou, P; Molle, L (1987). "Changes in conessine in stem bark of Holarrhena floribunda in Burkina Faso". Annales pharmaceutiques françaises. 45 (4): 307–13. PMID 3445993.
  2. ^ Kumar, N; Singh, B; Bhandari, P; Gupta, A. P.; Kaul, V. K. (2007). "Steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) WALL". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 55 (6): 912–4. doi:10.1248/cpb.55.912. PMID 17541193.
  3. ^ Zirihi, G. N.; Grellier, P; Guédé-Guina, F; Bodo, B; Mambu, L (2005). "Isolation, characterization and antiplasmodial activity of steroidal alkaloids from Funtumia elastica (Preuss) Stapf". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 15 (10): 2637–40. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.03.021. PMID 15863333.
  4. ^ Santora, V. J.; Covel, J. A.; Hayashi, R; Hofilena, B. J.; Ibarra, J. B.; Pulley, M. D.; Weinhouse, M. I.; Sengupta, D; Duffield, J. J.; Semple, G; Webb, R. R.; Sage, C; Ren, A; Pereira, G; Knudsen, J; Edwards, J. E.; Suarez, M; Frazer, J; Thomsen, W; Hauser, E; Whelan, K; Grottick, A. J. (2008). "A new family of H3 receptor antagonists based on the natural product Conessine". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 18 (4): 1490–4. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.12.059. PMID 18194865.
  5. ^ Zhao, Chen; Sun, Minghua; Bennani, Youssef L.; Gopalakrishnan, Sujatha M.; Witte, David G.; Miller, Thomas R.; Krueger, Kathleen M.; Browman, Kaitlin E.; Thiffault, Christine; Wetter, Jill; Marsh, Kennan C.; Hancock, Arthur A.; Esbenshade, Timothy A.; Cowart, Marlon D. (2008). "The Alkaloid Conessine and Analogues as Potent Histamine H3Receptor Antagonists". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 51 (17): 5423–30. doi:10.1021/jm8003625. PMID 18683917.