Antazoline is a 1st generation antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to relieve nasal congestion and in eye drops, usually in combination with naphazoline, to relieve the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.[1] To treat allergic conjunctivitis, antazoline can be combined in a solution with tetryzoline.[2] The drug is a Histamine H1 receptor antagonist:[3] selectively binding to but not activating the receptor, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine and subsequently leading to the temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.

A large study on people 65 years old or older linked the development of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia to the "higher cumulative" use of first-generation antihistamines, due to their anticholinergic properties.[4]

References

  1. ^ Abelson MB, Allansmith MR, Friedlaender MH (August 1980). "Effects of topically applied occular decongestant and antihistamine". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 90 (2): 254–257. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74864-0. PMID 7425039.
  2. ^ Castillo M, Scott NW, Mustafa MZ, Mustafa MS, Azuara-Blanco A (June 2015). "Topical antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for treating seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2015 (6): CD009566. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009566.pub2. hdl:2164/6048. PMC 10616535. PMID 26028608.
  3. ^ Noguchi S, Inukai T, Kuno T, Tanaka C (June 1992). "The suppression of olfactory bulbectomy-induced muricide by antidepressants and antihistamines via histamine H1 receptor blocking". Physiology & Behavior. 51 (6): 1123–1127. doi:10.1016/0031-9384(92)90297-f. PMID 1353628. S2CID 29562845.
  4. ^ Gray SL, Anderson ML, Dublin S, Hanlon JT, Hubbard R, Walker R, et al. (March 2015). "Cumulative use of strong anticholinergics and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study". JAMA Internal Medicine. 175 (3): 401–407. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7663. PMC 4358759. PMID 25621434.