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Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 29 January 1922.[1] The Democratic Party emerged as the largest in Parliament, winning 74 of the 163 seats in the House of Representatives and 37 of the 70 seats in the Senate.[2]

Background

The elections were held less than a year after the July 1921 legislative elections, in which the Republican Liberal Party (PLR) had won a majority of votes. However, on 19 October 1921 ("the night of blood"), a military coup resulted in several republican figures being killed, including PLR prime minister António Granjo.[3] On the night of blood, President António José de Almeida invested Manuel Maria Coelho as Prime Minister, but his government resigned on 3 November.[4] On the same day, Carlos Maia Pinto became Prime Minister, but also resigned on 16 December.[5] Francisco Cunha Leal then served as Prime Minister until the elections.[6] The elections took place amidst instability and violence and were postponed four times before finally taking place on 29 January.[6]

Results

Party
House of Representatives
Senate
Votes % Seats +/– Votes % Seats +/–
Democratic Party 74 +20 37 +15
Republican Liberal Party 34 –45 11 –21
Reconstitution Party 17 +5 10 +3
Monarchist Cause 13 +9 4 +4
Catholic Centre Party 5 +2 1 –2
Regionalist Party 2 0 –
Portuguese Socialist Party 0 0 0 0
Other parties and independents 18 +9 7 0
Invalid/blank votes – – – – – –
Total 380,000 100 163 0 70 –1
Registered voters/turnout 550,000 69.1 – – 550,000 – –
Source: Nohlen & Stöver
Chamber of Deputies seats
Democratic Party
 
 45.40%
PLR
 
 20.86%
PR
 
 10.43%
CM
 
 7.98%
Catholic Center
 
 3.07%
Regionalist Party
 
 1.23%
Others
 
 11.04%
Senate seats
Democratic Party
 
 52.86%
PLR
 
 15.71%
PR
 
 14.29%
CM
 
 5.71%
Catholic Center
 
 1.43%
Others
 
 10.00%

Aftermath

Vote count in a Lisbon polling place

The Democratic Party failed to win an absolute majority of seats and Afonso Costa chose not to form government.[6][7] Instead, António Maria da Silva of the Democratic Party became Prime Minister on 6 February,[7] leading a minority government with the support of the Reconstitution Party, the Catholic Centre Party, the Regionalist Party and some independents.[6] However, the government failed to serve a full term after being forced to resign following a motion of no confidence in November 1923.[8] Further instability resulted in seven different governments holding office in the subsequent period until the 1925 elections.[9]

References

  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1542 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, pp1557-1558
  3. ^ Baiôa, Manuel Pimenta Morgado; Fernandes, Paulo Jorge; Ribeiro de Meneses, Filipe (2003). "The Political History of Twentieth-Century Portugal". e-Journal of Portuguese History. ISSN 1645-6432.
  4. ^ "Governo de Manuel Maria Coelho". 2011-03-12. Archived from the original on 2011-03-12. Retrieved 2020-06-28.
  5. ^ Infopédia. "Carlos Maia Pinto - Infopédia". Infopédia - Dicionários Porto Editora (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-06-28.
  6. ^ a b c d Baiôa, Manuel Pimenta Morgado (2012). "Elites e organizações políticas na I República Portuguesa: o caso do partido republicano nacionalista". dspace.uevora.pt. Retrieved 2020-06-28.
  7. ^ a b "Governo de António Maria da Silva (1922-1923) | Politipedia". www.politipedia.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-06-28.
  8. ^ "Governo de António Maria da Silva (1922-1923) | Politipedia". www.politipedia.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-06-28.
  9. ^ "Governos da I República | Politipedia". www.politipedia.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2020-06-28.

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