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| awards = [[Légion d'honneur]], 1870
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'''Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon''' (9 January 1818 &ndash; 28 April 1881)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/antoine-samuel-adam-salomon |title=Antoine-Samuel Adam-Salomon |location=[[Ottawa]] |publisher=[[National Gallery of Canada]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927063657/http://www.gallery.ca/en/see/collections/artist.php?iartistid=16 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref> was a French [[Sculpture|sculptor]] and [[Photography|photographer]].
'''Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon''' (9 January 1818 &ndash; 28 April 1881)<ref name="gallery=2011">{{cite web |url=https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/antoine-samuel-adam-salomon|title=Antoine-Samuel Adam-Salomon|location=[[Ottawa]]|publisher=[[National Gallery of Canada]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927063657/http://www.gallery.ca/en/see/collections/artist.php?iartistid=16|archive-date=27 September 2011|access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref> was a French [[Sculpture|sculptor]] and [[Photography|photographer]].


==Early career==
==Early career==
Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon was born to a [[French Jews|French Jewish]] family on 9 January 1818 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne, France. His father, Nathan-Herschel Salomon, intended for Antoine to have a career as a merchant.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fontainebleau-photo.fr/2013/11/exposition-adam-salomon.html?m=1|title = Samuel Adam-Salomon}}</ref> Following a brief career as a modeler for the Jacob Petit pottery factory in [[Fontainebleau]], he received a scholarship to study sculpture in Paris. He also traveled for studies to Switzerland and England.<ref name="JE 1906">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/765-adam-salomon-antony-samuel |title=ADAM-SALOMON, ANTONY SAMUEL |last=Weill |first=Julien |author-link= |encyclopedia=[[Jewish Encyclopedia]] |publisher=[[Kopelman Foundation]] |year=1906 |access-date=31 August 2020}}</ref> His notable sculptures include busts of [[Victor Cousin]], [[Odilon Barrot]], [[Pierre-Jean de Béranger]], [[Alphonse de Lamartine]], [[Gioachino Rossini]], and [[Marie Antoinette]].<ref>Berlioz, p139; Waters, p4.</ref>
Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon was born to a [[French Jews|French Jewish]] family on 9 January 1818 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne, France. His father, Nathan-Herschel Salomon, intended for Antoine to have a career as a merchant.<ref name="exposition_2013">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fontainebleau-photo.fr/2013/11/exposition-adam-salomon.html?m=1|title=Samuel Adam-Salomon|first=Olivier|last=Blaise|website=Fontaine Bleau Photo (www.fontainebleau-photo.fr)|date=2013|language=fr}}</ref> Following a brief career as a modeler for the Jacob Petit pottery factory in [[Fontainebleau]], he received a scholarship to study sculpture in Paris. He also traveled for studies to Switzerland and England.<ref name="jewish_1906">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/765-adam-salomon-antony-samuel |title=Adam-Salomon, Antony Samuel|last=Weill|first=Julien|author-link=|publisher=Funk & Wagnalls [[Kopelman Foundation]]|editor=Isidore Singer, PhD|encyclopedia=[[Jewish Encyclopedia]]|location=New York, New York |pages=184|year=1906 |access-date=31 August 2020}}</ref> <!--url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/pages/JE1E184X.jpg Dead link with attempts to fix, i.e. July 2017--> His notable sculptures include busts of [[Victor Cousin]], [[Odilon Barrot]], [[Pierre-Jean de Béranger]], [[Alphonse de Lamartine]], [[Gioachino Rossini]], and [[Marie Antoinette]].<ref>{{cite book|last1 = Berlioz|first1=Hector|last2=Braam|first2=Gunther|last3=Macnutt|first3=Richard|title=New Edition of the Complete Works|volume=26|publisher=Bärenreiter|year=1967|pages=139|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0JMsAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Antoine+Samuel+Adam-Salomon%22|isbn=978-3-7618-1677-6}}</ref><ref>*{{cite book| last1=Waters|first1=Clara Erskine Clement|last2=Hutton|first2=Laurence|title=Artists of the nineteenth century and their works: A handbook containing two thousand and fifty biographical sketches |volume=1|publisher=Houghton, Osgood & Co.|year=1879|location=Boston|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9J9LAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA4}}</ref>


==Photography==
==Photography==
After becoming established as a sculptor, Adam-Salomon studied photography under the portraitist [[Franz Hanfstaengl]] in Munich in 1858. He became a leading portrait photographer. Adam-Salomon returned to Paris where he opened a portrait studio in 1859; in 1865 he opened a second Paris studio.<ref>Union List of Artists' Names</ref> In 1870 Adam-Salomon was made a member of the [[Société française de photographie]] and received the [[Légion d'honneur]] the same year.<ref>Turner, ''Grove Dictionary of Art''.</ref> Adam-Salomon's portrait photographs were considered to be among the best existing works during his lifetime, and were renowned for their [[chiaroscuro]] produced by special lighting techniques.<ref>Hannavy, p. 6.</ref>
After becoming established as a sculptor, Adam-Salomon studied photography under the portraitist [[Franz Hanfstaengl]] in Munich in 1858. He became a leading portrait photographer. Adam-Salomon returned to Paris where he opened a portrait studio in 1859; in 1865 he opened a second Paris studio.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=500037061&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500037061 | title = Union List of Artist Names | accessdate = 10 October 2010 | publisher = J. Paul Getty Trust}}</ref> In 1870 Adam-Salomon was made a member of the [[Société française de photographie]] and received a [[Knight|knighthood]] in [[France|France's]] [[Legion of Honour]] the same year.<ref name="grove_1996">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=The Dictionary of Art|title=Adam-Salomon, Antoine-Samuel|date=1996|first=Jane Shoaf|last=Turner|page= |language=en|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, England|url=http://www.artnet.com/library/00/0004/t000455.asp|access-date=10 October 2010}}</ref> Adam-Salomon's portrait photographs were considered to be among the best existing works during his lifetime, and were renowned for their [[chiaroscuro]] produced by special lighting techniques.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hannavy|first1=John|title=Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography|volume=1|publisher=CRC Press|year=2008|pages=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PJ8DHBay4_EC&pg=PA6|isbn=978-0-415-97235-2}}</ref>


===Acceptance of photography as art===
===Acceptance of photography as art===
The photography of Adam-Salomon played a pivotal role in the mainstream acceptance of photography as an art form. For example, in 1858 the poet [[Alphonse de Lamartine]] described photography as "this chance invention which will never be art, but only a plagiarism of nature through a lens." A short time later, after seeing the photographs by Adam-Solomon, Lamartine changed his opinion.<ref>Jay, p. 138.</ref>
The photography of Adam-Salomon played a pivotal role in the mainstream acceptance of photography as an art form. For example, in 1858 the poet [[Alphonse de Lamartine]] described photography as "this chance invention which will never be art, but only a plagiarism of nature through a lens." A short time later, after seeing the photographs by Adam-Solomon, Lamartine changed his opinion.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jay|first1=Martin|title=Downcast eyes: the denigration of vision in twentieth-century French thought|publisher=University of California Press|year=1994|pages=138|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_T-BfsiIWCoC&pg=PA138|access-date=10 October 2010|isbn=978-0-520-08885-6}}</ref>


===Critical praise===
===Critical praise===
Coverage of Salomon's work in the French press outnumbered that of [[Nadar (photographer)|Félix Nadar]] by a ratio of ten to one. After the [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Paris Exposition of 1867]], the reviewer for ''The Times'' (UK) described Salomon's pictures "matchless", "beyond praise," "the finest photographic portraits in the world."<ref>Buerger, p. 56.</ref>
Coverage of Salomon's work in the French press outnumbered that of [[Nadar (photographer)|Félix Nadar]] by a ratio of ten to one. After the [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Paris Exposition of 1867]], the reviewer for ''The Times'' (UK) described Salomon's pictures "matchless", "beyond praise," "the finest photographic portraits in the world."<ref name="buerger_1989">{{cite book|last1=Buerger|first1= Janet E.|title=French Daguerreotypes|editor=International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=1989|pages=56–59 at 56|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRuME1wAa3EC&pg=PA56|isbn = 978-0-226-07985-1}}</ref>


In the 1868 edition of the ''[[British Journal of Photography|British Journal of Photography Almanac]]'', editor [[J. Traill Taylor]] wrote: <blockquote>The important discovery of the past year has been that M. Adams-Salomon, a Parisian photographer, has produced portraits of so high class as to show us the true capabilities of photography, and how much we have yet to overcome ere similar perfection can be claimed for the works of our average artists. It is far from being pleasant to know that we are so far behind the Parisians; but, believing such to be the case, the knowledge of the fact will, without doubt, rouse English artists to a sense of their shortcomings and the particular direction in which progress must be made.<ref>Taylor, p6.</ref></blockquote>
In the 1868 edition of the ''[[British Journal of Photography|British Journal of Photography Almanac]]'', editor [[J. Traill Taylor]] wrote: <blockquote>The important discovery of the past year has been that M. Adams-Salomon, a Parisian photographer, has produced portraits of so high class as to show us the true capabilities of photography, and how much we have yet to overcome ere similar perfection can be claimed for the works of our average artists. It is far from being pleasant to know that we are so far behind the Parisians; but, believing such to be the case, the knowledge of the fact will, without doubt, rouse English artists to a sense of their shortcomings and the particular direction in which progress must be made.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Taylor|first1=J. Traill|title=The British Journal of Photography Almanac|publisher=Henry Greenwood|year=1868|location=London|pages=6|url=http://notesonphotographs.eastmanhouse.org/images/8/8b/BJPAsummary1_for_web.pdf|access-date=10 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213545/http://notesonphotographs.eastmanhouse.org/images/8/8b/BJPAsummary1_for_web.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</REF></blockquote>


===Selected works===
===Selected works===
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==Personal life==
==Personal life==
In 1850, Adam-Salomon married Georgine Cornélie Coutellier, a fellow artist. Coutellier was born a Christian, but converted to Judaism upon marrying Adam-Salomon, and embraced the Hebrew faith until her death in February 1878.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81dLAQAAMAAJ&q=Georgine+Corn%C3%A9lie+Coutellier&pg=PA184|title=The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day|last1=Singer|first1=Isidore|last2=Adler|first2=Cyrus|year=1901}}</ref> They had no children together.
In 1850, Adam-Salomon married Georgine Cornélie Coutellier, a fellow artist. Coutellier was born a Christian, but converted to Judaism upon marrying Adam-Salomon, and embraced the Hebrew faith until her death in February 1878.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81dLAQAAMAAJ&q=Georgine+Corn%C3%A9lie+Coutellier&pg=PA184|title=The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day|last1=Singer|first1=Isidore|last2=Adler|first2=Cyrus|year=1901}}</ref> They had no children together.

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{cite book | last1 = Berlioz | first1 = Hector | last2 = Braam | first2 = Gunther | last3 = Macnutt | first3 = Richard | title = New Edition of the Complete Works | volume = 26 | publisher = Bärenreiter | year = 1967 | pages = 139 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0JMsAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Antoine+Samuel+Adam-Salomon%22| isbn =978-3-7618-1677-6}}

*{{cite book | last1 = Buerger | first1 = Janet E. | title = French Daguerreotypes |editor= International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House | publisher = University of Chicago Press | year = 1989 | pages = 56–59 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRuME1wAa3EC&pg=PA56| isbn = 978-0-226-07985-1}}
==See also==
*{{cite book | last1 = Hannavy | first1 = John | title = Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography | volume = 1 | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2008 | pages = 6 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PJ8DHBay4_EC&pg=PA6| isbn = 978-0-415-97235-2}}
{{Portal|France}}
*{{cite book | last1 = Jay | first1 = Martin | title = Downcast eyes: the denigration of vision in twentieth-century French thought | publisher = University of California Press | year = 1994 | pages = 138 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_T-BfsiIWCoC&pg=PA138 | accessdate = 10 October 2010 | isbn = 978-0-520-08885-6}}
* [[Legion of Honour]]
*{{cite book | last1 = Taylor | first1 = J. Traill | title = The British Journal of Photography Almanac | publisher = Henry Greenwood | year = 1868 | location = London | pages = 6 | url = http://notesonphotographs.eastmanhouse.org/images/8/8b/BJPAsummary1_for_web.pdf | accessdate = 10 October 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213545/http://notesonphotographs.eastmanhouse.org/images/8/8b/BJPAsummary1_for_web.pdf | archive-date = 3 March 2016 | url-status = dead }}
* [[Musée de la Légion d'honneur|Legion of Honour Museum]]
*{{cite encyclopedia | editor = Turner, Jane | encyclopedia = Grove Dictionary of Art | title = Adam-Salomon, Antoine-Samuel | url = http://www.artnet.com/library/00/0004/t000455.asp | accessdate = 10 October 2010 | year = 1996 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford, England}}
* [[List of Légion d'honneur recipients by name (A)|List of Legion of Honour recipients by name (A)]]
*{{cite web | url = http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=500037061&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500037061 | title = Union List of Artist Names | accessdate = 10 October 2010 | publisher = J. Paul Getty Trust}}
* [[Ribbons of the French military and civil awards]]
*{{cite book | last1 = Waters | first1 = Clara Erskine Clement | last2 = Hutton | first2 = Laurence | title = Artists of the nineteenth century and their works: A handbook containing two thousand and fifty biographical sketches | volume = 1 | publisher = Houghton, Osgood & Co. | year = 1879 | location = Boston | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9J9LAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA4}}
*{{cite encyclopedia|last=Weill |first=Julien |editor=Isidore Singer, PhD |encyclopedia=Jewish Encyclopedia |title=Adam-Salomon, Antony Samuel |url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/pages/JE1E184X.jpg |year=1906 |publisher=Funk & Wagnalls |location=New York, New York |pages=184 }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 08:30, 22 November 2022

Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon (9 January 1818 – 28 April 1881)[1] was a French sculptor and photographer.

Early career

Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon was born to a French Jewish family on 9 January 1818 in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne, France. His father, Nathan-Herschel Salomon, intended for Antoine to have a career as a merchant.[2] Following a brief career as a modeler for the Jacob Petit pottery factory in Fontainebleau, he received a scholarship to study sculpture in Paris. He also traveled for studies to Switzerland and England.[3] His notable sculptures include busts of Victor Cousin, Odilon Barrot, Pierre-Jean de Béranger, Alphonse de Lamartine, Gioachino Rossini, and Marie Antoinette.[4][5]

Photography

After becoming established as a sculptor, Adam-Salomon studied photography under the portraitist Franz Hanfstaengl in Munich in 1858. He became a leading portrait photographer. Adam-Salomon returned to Paris where he opened a portrait studio in 1859; in 1865 he opened a second Paris studio.[6] In 1870 Adam-Salomon was made a member of the Société française de photographie and received a knighthood in France's Legion of Honour the same year.[7] Adam-Salomon's portrait photographs were considered to be among the best existing works during his lifetime, and were renowned for their chiaroscuro produced by special lighting techniques.[8]

Acceptance of photography as art

The photography of Adam-Salomon played a pivotal role in the mainstream acceptance of photography as an art form. For example, in 1858 the poet Alphonse de Lamartine described photography as "this chance invention which will never be art, but only a plagiarism of nature through a lens." A short time later, after seeing the photographs by Adam-Solomon, Lamartine changed his opinion.[9]

Critical praise

Coverage of Salomon's work in the French press outnumbered that of Félix Nadar by a ratio of ten to one. After the Paris Exposition of 1867, the reviewer for The Times (UK) described Salomon's pictures "matchless", "beyond praise," "the finest photographic portraits in the world."[10]

In the 1868 edition of the British Journal of Photography Almanac, editor J. Traill Taylor wrote:

The important discovery of the past year has been that M. Adams-Salomon, a Parisian photographer, has produced portraits of so high class as to show us the true capabilities of photography, and how much we have yet to overcome ere similar perfection can be claimed for the works of our average artists. It is far from being pleasant to know that we are so far behind the Parisians; but, believing such to be the case, the knowledge of the fact will, without doubt, rouse English artists to a sense of their shortcomings and the particular direction in which progress must be made.[11]

Selected works

Personal life

In 1850, Adam-Salomon married Georgine Cornélie Coutellier, a fellow artist. Coutellier was born a Christian, but converted to Judaism upon marrying Adam-Salomon, and embraced the Hebrew faith until her death in February 1878.[12] They had no children together.

References

  1. ^ "Antoine-Samuel Adam-Salomon". Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  2. ^ Blaise, Olivier (2013). "Samuel Adam-Salomon". Fontaine Bleau Photo (www.fontainebleau-photo.fr) (in French).
  3. ^ Weill, Julien (1906). "Adam-Salomon, Antony Samuel". In Isidore Singer, PhD (ed.). Jewish Encyclopedia. New York, New York: Funk & Wagnalls Kopelman Foundation. p. 184. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  4. ^ Berlioz, Hector; Braam, Gunther; Macnutt, Richard (1967). New Edition of the Complete Works. Vol. 26. Bärenreiter. p. 139. ISBN 978-3-7618-1677-6.
  5. ^ *Waters, Clara Erskine Clement; Hutton, Laurence (1879). Artists of the nineteenth century and their works: A handbook containing two thousand and fifty biographical sketches. Vol. 1. Boston: Houghton, Osgood & Co. p. 4.
  6. ^ "Union List of Artist Names". J. Paul Getty Trust. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  7. ^ Turner, Jane Shoaf (1996). "Adam-Salomon, Antoine-Samuel". The Dictionary of Art. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  8. ^ Hannavy, John (2008). Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography. Vol. 1. CRC Press. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-415-97235-2.
  9. ^ Jay, Martin (1994). Downcast eyes: the denigration of vision in twentieth-century French thought. University of California Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-520-08885-6. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  10. ^ Buerger, Janet E. (1989). International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House (ed.). French Daguerreotypes. University of Chicago Press. pp. 56–59 at 56. ISBN 978-0-226-07985-1.
  11. ^ Taylor, J. Traill (1868). The British Journal of Photography Almanac (PDF). London: Henry Greenwood. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2010.
  12. ^ Singer, Isidore; Adler, Cyrus (1901). "The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day".

See also

External links

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