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Melancholia was one of the four temperaments in proto-psychology and pre-modern medicine, representing a state of low mood.
Melancholia may also refer to:
Health and medicine
- Depression (mood), a state of low mood also known as "melancholia"
- Major depressive disorder, a mood disorder historically called "melancholia"
- Involutional melancholia, a traditional name for a psychiatric disorder affecting mainly elderly or late middle-aged people that is no longer in use
- Melancholic depression, a DSM-IV and DSM-5 specifier of depressive disorders.
Film and television
- Melancholia, a 1989 British-German film by Andi Engel, starring Jeroen Krabbé
- Melancholia (2008 film), a Philippine film by Lav Diaz
- Melancholia (2011 film), an English-language film by Lars von Trier
- Melancholia (TV series), a 2021 South Korean thriller TV series
Art and music
- "Melancholia", a musical composition by Duke Ellington that first appeared on the 1953 album The Duke Plays Ellington
- Melencolia I, an 1514 engraving by Albrecht Dürer
- Melancholy (novel) or Melancholia I, a 1995 novel by Jon Fosse
- Melancholy II or Melancholia II, a 1996 novella by Jon Fosse
- Melancholia (Lucas Cranach the Elder, Colmar), 1532
- Melancholia (Lucas Cranach the Elder, Copenhagen), 1532
Other uses
- 5708 Melancholia, an asteroid
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