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Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines
This article contains Hanunoo text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Hanunoo script.
Hanunoo, or Hanunó'o (IPA: [hanunuʔɔ]), is a language spoken by Mangyans in the island of Mindoro, Philippines.
It is written in the Hanunoo script.
Phonology
Consonants
Hanunoo has 16 consonant phonemes.
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | voiceless | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ʔ[a] | |
voiced | b ⟨b⟩ | d ⟨d⟩ | ɡ ⟨g⟩ | |||
Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n ⟨n⟩ | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ | |||
Fricative | s ⟨s⟩ | h ⟨h⟩ | ||||
Trill | r ⟨r⟩ | |||||
Lateral | l ⟨l⟩ | |||||
Approximant | w ⟨w⟩ | j ⟨y⟩ |
- ^ Hanunoo does not write glottal stops.
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i ⟨i⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ | |
Mid | (ə) | ||
Open | a ⟨a⟩ |
- /a i/ can be heard as [ə ɪ] within closed syllables.
- /u/ can be heard as [o] within word-final syllables.
- /i/ can be heard as an open-mid [ɛ] among some speakers in certain words.[3]
Diphthongs
Hanunoo also has four diphthongs: /ai̯/, /au̯/, /iu̯/, and /ui̯/.[4]
Distribution
Hanunoo is spoken in the following locations according to Barbian (1977):[5]
- Barrio Tugtugin, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro
- Naluak, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (on the upper Caguray River)
- Bamban, Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro (also with Ratagnon and Bisayan residents)
- Barrio Panaytayan, Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro (about 5 km (3.1 mi) from the highway in the mountains southwest of Mansalay)
References
Bibliography
- Epo, Yrrah Jane S. (2014). Discourse Analysis of Suyot: A Hanunuo-Mangyan Folk Narrative (MA thesis). Payap University. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.695.4257.
Further reading
External links
- Hanunuo Archived 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, Mangyan Heritage Center. (About the people.)
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Greater Central Philippine |
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Bilic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sangiric | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minahasan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other branches |
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Reconstructed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Categories
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Annuals36
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Bulbs, Corms & Tubers41
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Ferns27
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Fruits3
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Garden Plants23
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Grasses26
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Herb17
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Insects1
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Mammals1
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Midwest Native Plants0
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Northeast Native Plants112
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Perennials123
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Rose1
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Shrubs47
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Trees112
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Tropical Plants53
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Upland Birds5
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Vines18
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Viola Tricolor1
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Water Gardening & Plants9
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Waterfowl0
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Wetland Birds0
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Wetland Plants4
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Wildbirds172
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Wildflowers1
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Woodland Plants29
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