Fragile Fern – Cystopteris fragilis

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Pissuthnes was satrap of Lydia, including Ionia.

Pissuthnes, also known as Pissouthnes, (Old Persian: *Pišišyauθnaʰ; Ancient Greek: Πισσούθνης Pissoúthnēs) was an Achaemenid satrap of Lydia, which included Ionia, circa 440–415 BCE. His capital was Sardis.[1][2] He was the son of Hystaspes, probably himself the son of Darius I, which shows his Persian origin and his membership of the Achaemenid dynasty.[3] He held the satrapy for over twenty years, and became extremely rich as a consequence.[4]

He helped the Samians in the Samian Revolt against Athens, and supported various oligarchical movements against Athens along the coast of Asia Minor.[5]

Pissuthnes was probably a grandson of Darius I.

He revolted against the Persian king Darius II Nothus between 420-415 BCE.[6] He recruited Greek mercenaries under the generalship of Lycon for his campaigns.[7] Tissaphernes, who was sent by the King to suppress the revolt of Pissuthnes, managed to bribe Lycon, and then brought Pissuthnes to Susa where he was executed.[8] Tissaphernes became his successor as Satrap of Lydia.[9]

Pissuthnes had a natural son named Amorges, who continued the rebellion against the Persian king.[10]

References

  1. ^ Briant, Pierre (2002). From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Eisenbrauns. p. 581. ISBN 9781575061207.
  2. ^ Delphi Complete Works of Thucydides (Illustrated). Delphi Classics. 2013. p. 1402. ISBN 9781909496767.
  3. ^ Rawlinson, George (2018). The Persian Empire. Endymion Press. p. 197. ISBN 9781531295752.
  4. ^ Rawlinson, George (1885). The Seven Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World: Or, The History, Geography and Antiquities of Chaldæa, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia, and Sassanian Or New Persian Empire. J. W. Lovell Company. p. 507.
  5. ^ The Cambridge Ancient History. Cambridge University Press. 1970. p. 143. ISBN 9780521233477.
  6. ^ Briant, Pierre (2002). From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Eisenbrauns. p. 675. ISBN 9781575061207.
  7. ^ Briant, Pierre (2002). From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Eisenbrauns. p. 578. ISBN 9781575061207.
  8. ^ Rawlinson, George (2018). The Persian Empire. Endymion Press. p. 197. ISBN 9781531295752.
  9. ^ The Cambridge Ancient History. Cambridge University Press. 1970. p. 464. ISBN 9780521233477.
  10. ^ Delphi Complete Works of Thucydides (Illustrated). Delphi Classics. 2013. p. 2127. ISBN 9781909496767.


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