Coastal Azalea – Rhododendron atlanticum

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Ubinas is an active stratovolcano in the Moquegua Region of southern Peru, approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of the city of Arequipa. Part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it rises 5,672 metres (18,609 ft) above sea level. The volcano's summit is cut by a 1.4-kilometre-wide (0.87 mi) and 150-metre-deep (490 ft) caldera, which itself contains a smaller crater. Below the summit, Ubinas has the shape of an upwards-steepening cone with a prominent notch on the southern side. The gently sloping lower part of the volcano is also known as Ubinas I and the steeper upper part as Ubinas II; they represent different stages in the volcano's geological history.

The most active volcano in Peru, Ubinas has a history of small to moderate explosive eruptions as well as a few larger eruptions, such as in 1667, along with persistent degassing and ash emissions. Activity at the volcano began in the Pleistocene epoch, and led to the growth of the current mountain in two phases. Among the recent eruptions was the 2006–2007 event, which produced eruption columns and led to ash fall in the region, resulting in health issues and evacuations. During the most recent activity, from 2013 to 2017, a lava flow formed inside the crater, and further ash falls led to renewed evacuations of surrounding towns. Ubinas is monitored by the Peruvian geological service INGEMMET, which has published a volcano hazard map for Ubinas and regular volcanic activity reports. (Full article...)

The Rímac River runs through the Peruvian capital of Lima and is the city's main source of water. One of the oldest bridges spanning the river is the Puente de Piedra (Stone Bridge) built out in stone masonry in the early 17th century. The bridge is still in use and connects the two districts that comprise the Historic Center of Lima: Rímac and Lima Cercado. (more...)

The Battle of Miraflores occurred on January 15, 1881 in the Miraflores District of Lima, Peru. It was an important battle during the War of the Pacific that was fought between Chile and the forces of Peru. The Chilean army led by Gen. Manuel Baquedano defeated the army commanded by Nicolás de Pierola guarding the second defensive line of the Peruvian capital city. Two days later, Lima, the capital city of Peru was occupied by Chilean troops. Gen. Baquedano's forces marched into Lima triumphant, while Peru's president and his officers fled into the interior, leaving the country without any government. Although the fall of Lima, the war continued between the occupation army and the troops of Andres Caceres for another three years. During the occupation of Lima, Peru's National Library was set on flames, while a number of other monuments were ransacked by Chilean forces and taken as war trophies. (more...)

• July 19, 1991 - The Nuevo Sol was introduced as the official currency to replace the Inti.

• July 21, 1552 - Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza dies and is buried in the Cathedral of Lima.

• July 24, 1911 - Hiram Bingham rediscovers Machu Picchu.

• July 27, 1995 - A new unicameral 90-seat Congress was created.

• July 28, 1821 - General José de San Martín proclaimed the independence of Peru during the Peruvian War of Independence.

Water resources and irrigation infrastructure in Peru vary throughout the country. The coastal region, an arid but fertile land, has about two-thirds of Peru’s irrigation infrastructure due to private and public investment aimed at increasing agricultural exports. The Highlands and Amazon regions, with abundant water resources but rudimentary irrigation systems, are home to the majority of Peru's poor, many of whom rely on subsistence or small-scale farming.

The Peruvian Government is undertaking several programs aimed at addressing key challenges in the irrigation sector like increasing water stress, competing interests, deteriorating water quality, poor efficiency of irrigation, drainage systems (including low technology systems and underutilization of existing infrastructure), weak institutional and legal frameworks, low cost recovery (i.e., operation and maintenance costs above actual collections), and vulnerability to climate variability and change, including extreme weather conditions and glacier retreat. (Full article...)

• ... that some prisoners in Peru get tattoos of Sarita Colonia for alleged protection?
• ... that Óscar Catacora directed Wiñaypacha (Eternity), the first Peruvian film in the Aymara language?
• ... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
• ... that the Shining Path used squatting as a tactic to gain support during the internal conflict in Peru?
• ... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia?
• ...that the Locumba uprising was thought by many to be a cover for the escape of Vladimiro Montesinos, Peru's de facto leader from 1990 to 2000?
• ... that the Peruvian Civil Guard officer Mariano Santos Mateo was nicknamed the Brave Man of Tarapacá because he captured a banner of a Chilean military unit during the Battle of Tarapacá?
• ... that Juan José Cabezudo was an openly gay chef and street-food seller in 19th-century Lima?

“

The next Augustan age will dawn on the other side of the Atlantic. There will, perhaps, be a Thucydides at Boston, a Xenophon at New York, and, in time, a Virgil at Mexico, and a Newton at Peru. At last, some curious traveller from Lima will visit England and give a description of the ruins of St Paul’s, like the editions of Balbec and Palmyra.

”

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National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census
Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

• ...that the Estadio Monumental "U" (pictured), home ground of the Universitario de Deportes football club, is the largest in Peru?
• ...that the indecisive outcome of the Cenepa War paved the way for a definitive peace agreement between Ecuador and Peru?
• ...that the access to electricity in Peru increased from 45% in 1990 to 79% in 2006 after the privatization reforms of the early 1990s?
• ...that the Inca Empire, centered in the city of Cusco, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America?
• ...that the Grupo Colina death squad executed nine students and a professor from La Cantuta University in the 1992 La Cantuta Massacre?

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WikiProject Peru
South America	Latin America	Countries

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