Gas sensors are protein-based receptors that are generally found in the cytoplasm of cells. They act in cell signaling by receiving (binding to) gaseous signaling molecules or gasotransmitters. They are specialized proteins that allow communication within the cell. Gas sensors has been identified for ethylene in plants, nitric oxide in mammals, carbon monoxide, and oxygen in microorganisms. In the process of signal transduction, gaseous solute binding affects a cascading chemical change through the cell. Whether gas sensors exist for gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane is still under investigation. All gas sensing receptors seem to require either metal cofactor or ions to bind to gas. Example includes the requirement of copper ion in ethylene receptor and heme cofactor in NO gasoreceptor soluble guanylyl cyclase.[1][2]
History
Below is a brief selection of key events in the history of gas sensing research.
- 1990s – Dos and FixL were discovered as oxygen sensor in bacteria E. coli and R. meliloti respectively.[3] CooA and RcoM was discovered as carbon monoxide sensor in Rhodospirillum rubrum and Burkholderia xenovorans respectively. Soluble guanylyl cyclase was discovered as nitric oxide sensor in mammals.[2] Ethylene receptor ETR1 was identified in Arabidopsis.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b Chang, C (27 January 2016). "Q&A: How do plants respond to ethylene and what is its importance?". BMC biology. 14: 7. doi:10.1186/s12915-016-0230-0. PMID 26819080.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Farhana, A; Saini, V; Kumar, A; Lancaster JR, Jr; Steyn, AJ (1 November 2012). "Environmental heme-based sensor proteins: implications for understanding bacterial pathogenesis". Antioxidants & redox signaling. 17 (9): 1232–45. doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4613. PMID 22494151.
- ^ Taabazuing, CY; Hangasky, JA; Knapp, MJ (April 2014). "Oxygen sensing strategies in mammals and bacteria". Journal of inorganic biochemistry. 133: 63–72. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.12.010. PMID 24468676.
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