Broccoli

Year 1193 (MCXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

March 4 – Saladin (the Lion) dies of a fever at Damascus. The lands of the Ayyubid Dynasty of Syria and Egypt are split among his relatives. During his reign, he briefly unites the Muslim world, and drives the Crusaders out of Jerusalem to a narrow strip of coast. At the time of his death, Saladin has seventeen sons and one little daughter. Al-Afdal succeeds his father as ruler (emir) of Damascus, and inherits the headship of the Ayyubid family. His younger brother, the 22-year-old Al-Aziz, proclaims himself as independent sultan of Egypt. Al-Zahir receives Aleppo (with lands in northern Syria), and Turan-Shah receives Yemen. The other dominions and fiefs in the Oultrejordain (also called Lordship of Montréal) are divided between his sons and the two remaining brothers of Saladin.^[1]
May – The Pisan colony at Tyre plots to seize the city, and hand it over to Guy of Lusignan – the ruler of Cyprus. King Henry I of Jerusalem arrests the ringleaders, and orders that the colony be reduced to only 30 people. The Pisans retaliate, by raiding the coastal villages between Tyre and Acre.^[2]

February 14 – King Richard I (the Lionheart), previously imprisoned on his return from the Third Crusade by Leopold V (the Virtuous), duke of Austria^[3] is handed over to Emperor Henry VI, and moved to Trifels Castle.
King Philip II (Augustus) marries Ingeborg of Denmark, daughter of King Valdemar I (the Great). After the marriage, Philip changes his mind, wishes to obtain a separation, and attempts to send her back to Denmark.^[4]
King Tancred of Sicily arranges a marriage between his son Roger III and the 12-year-old Irene Angelina, daughter of the Byzantine emperor Isaac II (Angelos). Roger suddenly dies on December 24.

Ghurid forces under Qutb al-Din Aibak capture Delhi. General Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji sacks and burns the ancient city of Nalanda, India's greatest Buddhist seat of learning, and the university of Vikramashila.^[5]

^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 70. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
^ Warren, W. L. (1961). King John. University of California Press. p. 44.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ingeborg" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 563.
^ Allen, Charles (2002). The Buddha and the Sahibs.

1193 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1193 in poetry