Original file (867 × 639 pixels, file size: 73 KB, MIME type: image/png)
Summary
DescriptionGlobal climate forcing of the industrial era.png |
English: This graph shows the growth in direct climate forcing (warming influence) from long-lived and well-mixed greenhouse gases in earth's atmosphere during the industrial era. The forcing is represented as a normalized index, defined by the authors as the Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI), and is displayed as the red curve. For comparison, the graph also shows the growth in the measured atmospheric concentration of these gases. The total concentration of all gases included in the index is represented as an equivalent mixing ratio of CO2 and is displayed as the black curve.
The authors further clarify the graph as follows: "Changes in radiative forcing before 1978 are derived from atmospheric measurements of CO2, started by C.D. Keeling [Keeling et al., 1958], and from measurements of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in air trapped in snow and ice in Antarctica and Greenland [Etheridge et al., 1996; Butler et al,, 1999]. These results define atmospheric composition changes going back to 1750 and radiative forcing changes since pre-industrial times. This longer-term view shows how increases in greenhouse gas concentrations over the past ~70 years (since 1950) have accounted for three-fourths (72%) of the total increase in the AGGI over the past 260 years." References:
Keeling, C.D., (1958), The concentration and isotopic abundances of atmospheric carbon dioxide in rural areas, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 13, 322–334. Etheridge, D.M., L.P. Steele, R.L. Langenfelds, and R.J. Francey, (1996), Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 4115–4128. |
Date | |
Source | https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/aggi.fig5.png |
Author | James H. Butler and Stephen K. Montzka |
Licensing
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
This image is in the public domain because it contains materials that originally came from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, taken or made as part of an employee's official duties.
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Items portrayed in this file
depicts
radiative forcing
copyright status
public domain
inception
20 June 2020
media type
image/png
File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 11:48, 2 November 2023 | 867 × 639 (73 KB) | Bikesrcool | 2022 graph update | |
17:28, 6 September 2020 | 890 × 640 (68 KB) | Bikesrcool | Uploaded a work by James H. Butler and Stephen K. Montzka from https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/aggi.fig5.png with UploadWizard |
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Horizontal resolution | 39.37 dpc |
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Vertical resolution | 39.37 dpc |
File change date and time | 20:24, 22 May 2023 |
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