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Retinoic acid receptor gamma (RAR-γ), also known as NR1B3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group B, member 3) is a nuclear receptor encoded by the RARG gene.[5][6] Adapalene selectively targets retinoic acid receptor beta and retinoic acid receptor gamma[7] and its agonism of the gamma subtype is largely responsible for adapalene's observed effects.[8]
Interactions
Retinoic acid receptor gamma has been shown to interact with NCOR1.[9]
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000172819 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001288 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: RARG retinoic acid receptor, gamma".
- ^ Lehmann JM, Hoffmann B, Pfahl M (Feb 1991). "Genomic organization of the retinoic acid receptor gamma gene". Nucleic Acids Research. 19 (3): 573–8. doi:10.1093/nar/19.3.573. PMC 333650. PMID 1849262.
- ^ Mukherjee S, Date A, Patravale V, Korting HC, Roeder A, Weindl G (2006). "Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety". Clinical Interventions in Aging. 1 (4): 327–48. doi:10.2147/ciia.2006.1.4.327. PMC 2699641. PMID 18046911.
- ^ Michel S, Jomard A, Démarchez M (October 1998). "Pharmacology of adapalene". The British Journal of Dermatology. 139 (Suppl 52): 3–7. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.1390s2003.x. PMID 9990413. S2CID 23084886.
- ^ Dowell P, Ishmael JE, Avram D, Peterson VJ, Nevrivy DJ, Leid M (May 1999). "Identification of nuclear receptor corepressor as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha interacting protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (22): 15901–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15901. PMID 10336495.
Further reading
- Leid M, Kastner P, Lyons R, Nakshatri H, Saunders M, Zacharewski T, Chen JY, Staub A, Garnier JM, Mader S (Jan 1992). "Purification, cloning, and RXR identity of the HeLa cell factor with which RAR or TR heterodimerizes to bind target sequences efficiently". Cell. 68 (2): 377–95. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90478-U. PMID 1310259. S2CID 40617478.
- Vollberg TM, Nervi C, George MD, Fujimoto W, Krust A, Jetten AM (May 1992). "Retinoic acid receptors as regulators of human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation". Molecular Endocrinology. 6 (5): 667–76. doi:10.1210/mend.6.5.1318502. PMID 1318502. S2CID 35884680.
- Lehmann JM, Zhang XK, Pfahl M (Jul 1992). "RAR gamma 2 expression is regulated through a retinoic acid response element embedded in Sp1 sites". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 12 (7): 2976–85. doi:10.1128/mcb.12.7.2976. PMC 364511. PMID 1320193.
- Mattei MG, Rivière M, Krust A, Ingvarsson S, Vennström B, Islam MQ, Levan G, Kautner P, Zelent A, Chambon P (Aug 1991). "Chromosomal assignment of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) genes in the human, mouse, and rat genomes" (PDF). Genomics. 10 (4): 1061–9. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90199-O. hdl:1946/20678. PMID 1655630.
- Kastner P, Krust A, Mendelsohn C, Garnier JM, Zelent A, Leroy P, Staub A, Chambon P (Apr 1990). "Murine isoforms of retinoic acid receptor gamma with specific patterns of expression". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (7): 2700–4. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.2700K. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.7.2700. PMC 53758. PMID 2157210.
- Giguère V, Shago M, Zirngibl R, Tate P, Rossant J, Varmuza S (May 1990). "Identification of a novel isoform of the retinoic acid receptor gamma expressed in the mouse embryo". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 10 (5): 2335–40. doi:10.1128/mcb.10.5.2335. PMC 360581. PMID 2157970.
- Ishikawa T, Umesono K, Mangelsdorf DJ, Aburatani H, Stanger BZ, Shibasaki Y, Imawari M, Evans RM, Takaku F (Jun 1990). "A functional retinoic acid receptor encoded by the gene on human chromosome 12". Molecular Endocrinology. 4 (6): 837–44. doi:10.1210/mend-4-6-837. PMID 2172793.
- Krust A, Kastner P, Petkovich M, Zelent A, Chambon P (Jul 1989). "A third human retinoic acid receptor, hRAR-gamma". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (14): 5310–4. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.5310K. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.14.5310. PMC 297611. PMID 2546152.
- Renaud JP, Rochel N, Ruff M, Vivat V, Chambon P, Gronemeyer H, Moras D (Dec 1995). "Crystal structure of the RAR-gamma ligand-binding domain bound to all-trans retinoic acid". Nature. 378 (6558): 681–9. Bibcode:1995Natur.378..681R. doi:10.1038/378681a0. PMID 7501014. S2CID 4259376.
- Zhou L, Pang J, Munroe DG, Lau C (May 1993). "A human retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform is homologous to the murine retinoic acid receptor gamma 7". Nucleic Acids Research. 21 (10): 2520. doi:10.1093/nar/21.10.2520. PMC 309563. PMID 7685085.
- Zitnik RJ, Kotloff RM, Latifpour J, Zheng T, Whiting NL, Schwalb J, Elias JA (Feb 1994). "Retinoic acid inhibition of IL-1-induced IL-6 production by human lung fibroblasts". Journal of Immunology. 152 (3): 1419–27. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.152.3.1419. PMID 8301142. S2CID 20598143.
- Botling J, Castro DS, Oberg F, Nilsson K, Perlmann T (Apr 1997). "Retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor heterodimers can be activated through both subunits providing a basis for synergistic transactivation and cellular differentiation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (14): 9443–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.14.9443. PMID 9083083.
- Lømo J, Smeland EB, Ulven S, Natarajan V, Blomhoff R, Gandhi U, Dawson MI, Blomhoff HK (Apr 1998). "RAR-, not RXR, ligands inhibit cell activation and prevent apoptosis in B-lymphocytes". Journal of Cellular Physiology. 175 (1): 68–77. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199804)175:1<68::AID-JCP8>3.0.CO;2-A. PMID 9491782. S2CID 21489004.
- Klaholz BP, Renaud JP, Mitschler A, Zusi C, Chambon P, Gronemeyer H, Moras D (Mar 1998). "Conformational adaptation of agonists to the human nuclear receptor RAR gamma". Nature Structural Biology. 5 (3): 199–202. doi:10.1038/nsb0398-199. PMID 9501913. S2CID 30471226.
- Zhang ZP, Gambone CJ, Gabriel JL, Wolfgang CL, Soprano KJ, Soprano DR (Dec 1998). "Arg278, but not Lys229 or Lys236, plays an important role in the binding of retinoic acid by retinoic acid receptor gamma". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (51): 34016–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34016. PMID 9852056.
- Yang C, Zhou D, Chen S (Dec 1998). "Modulation of aromatase expression in the breast tissue by ERR alpha-1 orphan receptor". Cancer Research. 58 (24): 5695–700. PMID 9865725.
- Nagpal S, Ghosn C, DiSepio D, Molina Y, Sutter M, Klein ES, Chandraratna RA (Aug 1999). "Retinoid-dependent recruitment of a histone H1 displacement activity by retinoic acid receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (32): 22563–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.32.22563. PMID 10428834.
- Egea PF, Mitschler A, Rochel N, Ruff M, Chambon P, Moras D (Jun 2000). "Crystal structure of the human RXRalpha ligand-binding domain bound to its natural ligand: 9-cis retinoic acid". The EMBO Journal. 19 (11): 2592–601. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.11.2592. PMC 212755. PMID 10835357.
- Boudjelal M, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ (Mar 2002). "Retinoid signaling is attenuated by proteasome-mediated degradation of retinoid receptors in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells". Experimental Cell Research. 274 (1): 130–7. doi:10.1006/excr.2001.5450. PMID 11855864.
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