The HQ-7 (simplified Chinese: 红旗-7; traditional Chinese: 紅旗-7; pinyin: Hóng Qí-7; lit. 'Red Banner-7'; NATO reporting name: CH-SA-4)[3] is a short-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) from the People's Republic of China. It was reverse-engineered by the Changfeng Electromechanical Technology Design Institute from the French R-440 Crotale SAM.[2] It entered service in the early 1980s.[1]
A ground battery consists of a short-range radar and three launchers. Each launcher has four or eight missiles.[1]
Variants
- HQ-7A
Original command-guided version.[2]
- HHQ-7
- HQ-7B
Improved version.[6]
- FM-80
Export version of the HQ-7A.[2]
- FM-90
Export version of the HQ-7B.[6]
- FM-90N
Naval variant of the FM-90.[7][8]
Operators
FM-90.[9]
HQ-7A, HQ-7B[10] and HHQ-7.[5]
FM-80.[11] Produces a mobile version dubbed Herz-9
FM-90 and FM-90N.[8]
FM-90.[12]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g United States Department of the Army 2021, p. 87.
- ^ a b c d Medeiros et al. 2005, p. 87.
- ^ IISS 2023, p. 239.
- ^ a b The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 251.
- ^ a b The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 258.
- ^ a b Einhorn & Sidhu 2017, p. 54.
- ^ a b The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 250.
- ^ a b The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 298.
- ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 333.
- ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 257.
- ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 341.
- ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2022, p. 210.
Sources
- Einhorn, Robert; Sidhu, W.P.S. (March 2017). The Strategic Chain: Linking Pakistan, India, China, and the United States (PDF) (Report). Arms Control and Non-Proliferation Series. Brookings Institution.
- Medeiros, Evan S.; Cliff, Roger; Crane, Keith; Mulvenon, James C. (2005). A New Direction for China's Defense Industry (PDF). RAND Corporation. ISBN 0-8330-3794-3.
- The International Institute for Strategic Studies (2022). The Military Balance 2022. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-032-27900-8.
- International Institute for Strategic Studies (2023). Hackett, James (ed.). The Military Balance 2023 (Report). Routledge. ISBN 9781032508955. ISSN 0459-7222.
- Chinese Tactics (PDF). Army Techniques Publication. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Army. 9 August 2021. 7-100.3.
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