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The proto-oncogene c-Rel is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REL gene.[5] The c-Rel protein is a member of the NF-κB family of transcription factors and contains a Rel homology domain (RHD) at its N-terminus and two C-terminal transactivation domains. c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint protein that can be targeted for treating cancer.[6] c-Rel has an important role in B-cell survival and proliferation. The REL gene is amplified or mutated in several human B-cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma.[7]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162924 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020275 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Ruben SM, Klement JF, Coleman TA, Maher M, Chen CH, Rosen CA (Jun 1992). "I-Rel: a novel rel-related protein that inhibits NF-kappa B transcriptional activity". Genes Dev. 6 (5): 745–60. doi:10.1101/gad.6.5.745. PMID 1577270.
- ^ Li T, Li X, Chen YH (May 2020). "c-Rel is a myeloid checkpoint for cancer immunotherapy". Nature Cancer. 1 (5): 507–517. doi:10.1038/s43018-020-0061-3. PMC 7808269. PMID 33458695.
- ^ Gilmore TD, Kalaitzidis D, Liang MC, Starczynowski DT (March 2004). "The c-Rel transcription factor and B-cell proliferation: a deal with the devil". Oncogene. 23 (13): 2275–86. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207410. PMID 14755244.
Further reading
- Rayet B, Gélinas C (2000). "Aberrant rel/nfkb genes and activity in human cancer". Oncogene. 18 (49): 6938–47. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203221. PMID 10602468.
- Kunsch C, Ruben SM, Rosen CA (1992). "Selection of optimal kappa B/Rel DNA-binding motifs: interaction of both subunits of NF-kappa B with DNA is required for transcriptional activation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (10): 4412–21. doi:10.1128/mcb.12.10.4412. PMC 360365. PMID 1406630.
- Neumann M, Tsapos K, Scheppler JA, et al. (1992). "Identification of complex formation between two intracellular tyrosine kinase substrates: human c-Rel and the p105 precursor of p50 NF-kappa B.". Oncogene. 7 (11): 2095–104. PMID 1437141.
- Kochel T, Rice NR (1992). "v-rel- and c-rel-protein complexes bind to the NF-kappa B site in vitro". Oncogene. 7 (3): 567–72. PMID 1549370.
- Kumar S, Rabson AB, Gélinas C (1992). "The RxxRxRxxC motif conserved in all Rel/kappa B proteins is essential for the DNA-binding activity and redox regulation of the v-Rel oncoprotein". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (7): 3094–106. doi:10.1128/mcb.12.7.3094. PMC 364524. PMID 1620118.
- Lu D, Thompson JD, Gorski GK, et al. (1991). "Alterations at the rel locus in human lymphoma". Oncogene. 6 (7): 1235–41. PMID 1650444.
- Muchardt C, Seeler JS, Nirula A, et al. (1992). "Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus enhancer function by PRDII-BF1 and c-rel gene products". J. Virol. 66 (1): 244–50. doi:10.1128/JVI.66.1.244-250.1992. PMC 238281. PMID 1727488.
- Hansen SK, Nerlov C, Zabel U, et al. (1992). "A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene". EMBO J. 11 (1): 205–13. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05043.x. PMC 556441. PMID 1740106.
- Davis N, Ghosh S, Simmons DL, et al. (1991). "Rel-associated pp40: an inhibitor of the rel family of transcription factors". Science. 253 (5025): 1268–71. Bibcode:1991Sci...253.1268D. doi:10.1126/science.1891714. PMID 1891714.
- Lim MY, Davis N, Zhang JY, Bose HR (1990). "The v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70". Virology. 175 (1): 149–60. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(90)90195-W. PMID 2155506.
- Brownell E, Mittereder N, Rice NR (1989). "A human rel proto-oncogene cDNA containing an Alu fragment as a potential coding exon". Oncogene. 4 (7): 935–42. PMID 2666912.
- Brownell E, O'Brien SJ, Nash WG, Rice N (1986). "Genetic characterization of human c-rel sequences". Mol. Cell. Biol. 5 (10): 2826–31. doi:10.1128/mcb.5.10.2826. PMC 367021. PMID 3016517.
- Brownell E, Kozak CA, Fowle JR, et al. (1986). "Comparative genetic mapping of cellular rel sequences in man, mouse, and the domestic cat". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 39 (2): 194–202. PMC 1683919. PMID 3529946.
- John S, Reeves RB, Lin JX, et al. (1995). "Regulation of cell-type-specific interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain gene expression: potential role of physical interactions between Elf-1, HMG-I(Y), and NF-kappa B family proteins". Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 (3): 1786–96. doi:10.1128/mcb.15.3.1786. PMC 230403. PMID 7862168.
- Xu X, Gélinas C (1995). "The v-Rel oncoprotein complexes with new Rel- and RelA-related proteins in transformed cells". Virology. 207 (2): 362–8. doi:10.1006/viro.1995.1095. PMID 7886940.
- Mackman N (1994). "Protease inhibitors block lipopolysaccharide induction of tissue factor gene expression in human monocytic cells by preventing activation of c-Rel/p65 heterodimers". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (42): 26363–7. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47202-X. PMID 7929355.
- Sif S, Gilmore TD (1994). "Interaction of the v-Rel oncoprotein with cellular transcription factor Sp1". J. Virol. 68 (11): 7131–8. doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.7131-7138.1994. PMC 237152. PMID 7933095.
- Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F (1994). "Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (4): 2593–603. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2593. PMC 358627. PMID 8139561.
- Beg AA, Baldwin AS (1994). "Activation of multiple NF-kappa B/Rel DNA-binding complexes by tumor necrosis factor". Oncogene. 9 (5): 1487–92. PMID 8152812.
External links
- Genes,+rel at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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