cleome

by | Dec 1, 2017

This is a list of Kurdish dynasties, countries and autonomous territories. The Kurds are a people without their own ethnic state residing in eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, western Iran, northwestern Syria and some parts of Armenia. (For more information see Origin of the Kurds.)[1][2]

Early entities

Ayyubid dynasty in 1193

Remnants of the Ayyubid Dynasty (13th century–19th century)

Various Kurdish political entities blossomed in the period after the disestablishment of the Ayyubid dynasty in 1260. Some of these rulers claimed descent from the Ayyubids.

Buffer zones between the Ottomans and Persia (13th century–19th century)

For various reasons, Kurdish entities existed as buffer zones between the Ottoman Empire and Persia throughout history. These include:

Other dynasties of Kurdish ancestry

20th-21st century entities

  • Provisions of the Treaty of Sèvres for an independent Kurdistan (in 1920)
    Provisions of the Treaty of Sèvres for an independent Kurdistan (in 1920)
  • Kingdom of Kurdistan (1923)
    Kingdom of Kurdistan (1923)
  • Republic of Mahabad, (1945–1946)
    Republic of Mahabad, (1945–1946)
  • Islamic Emirate of Byara (black) at their peak, controlling the entire Halabja Governorate
    Islamic Emirate of Byara (black) at their peak, controlling the entire Halabja Governorate

Current entities

Gallery

  • Rawadid Dynasty
    Rawadid Dynasty

See also

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ Limbert, John (1968). "The Origins and Appearance of the Kurds in Pre-Islamic Iran". Iranian Studies. 1 (2): 48. doi:10.1080/00210866808701350. JSTOR 4309997 – via JSTOR.
  2. ^ James, Boris (September 2006). "Uses and Values of the Term Kurd in Arabic Medieval Literary Sources". Institut Kurde. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  3. ^ Bosworth (1994). "Daysam". Iranica Online.
  4. ^ Tor, D.G. (2017). The Abbasid and Carolingian Empires: Studies in Civilizational Formation. Brill Academic Pub. pp. 54–55.
  5. ^ a b Amir Hassanpour, Nationalism and Language in Kurdistan, 1918-1985, Mellen Research University Press, 1992, p. 50.
  6. ^ Gunter (2010), p. 117.
  7. ^ a b Aḥmad, K. M. (1985). "ʿANNAZIDS". Iranica Online. II.
  8. ^ Pezeshk, Manouchehr; Negahban, Farzin (2008). "ʿAnnāzids". In Madelung, Wilferd; Daftary, Farhad (eds.). Encyclopaedia Islamica Online. Brill Online. ISSN 1875-9831.
  9. ^ Büchner 2012.
  10. ^ Spuler 2012.
  11. ^ Han, Şeref (Çev. İbrahim Sunkur) (2016). Şerefname. Van: Sîtav. p. 204. ISBN 978-605-66520-1-1.
  12. ^ R. S. Humphreys, Ayyubids, "Encyclopaedia Iranica", (August 18, 2011),[1]
  13. ^ Oberling, P. "BANĪ ARDALĀN". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 2011-09-21.
  14. ^ David Mcdowall (1996). The Kurds (PDF). Minority Rights Group International Report. p. 20. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  15. ^ Najat Abdulla-Ali (2006). Empire, frontière et tribu Le Kurdistan et le conflit de frontière turco-persan (1843-1932) (in French). p. 159.
  16. ^ Alexei Lidov, 1991, The mural paintings of Akhtala, p. 14, Nauka Publishers, Central Dept. of Oriental Literature, University of Michigan, ISBN 5-02-017569-2, ISBN 978-5-02-017569-3, It is clear from the account of these Armenian historians that Ivane's great grandfather broke away from the Kurdish tribe of Babir
  17. ^ Vladimir Minorsky, 1953, Studies in Caucasian History, p. 102, CUP Archive, ISBN 0-521-05735-3, ISBN 978-0-521-05735-6, According to a tradition which has every reason to be true, their ancestors were Mesopotamian Kurds of the tribe (xel) Babirakan.
  18. ^ Richard Barrie Dobson, 2000, Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages: A-J, p. 107, Editions du Cerf, University of Michigan, ISBN 0-227-67931-8, ISBN 978-0-227-67931-9, under the Christianized Kurdish dynasty of Zak'arids they tried to re-establish nazarar system...
  19. ^ Ünal (1999), pp. 262–263.
  20. ^ Hassanpour, Amir (1989). "BŪKĀN". Encyclopedia Iranica. IV.
  21. ^ Han, Şeref (Çev. İbrahim Sunkur) (2016). Şerefname. Van: Sîtav. p. 375. ISBN 978-605-66520-1-1.
  22. ^ Houtsma (1993), p. 1144-1445.
  23. ^ Ghalib (2011), p. 50.
  24. ^ Ebraheem (2013), p. 235.
  25. ^ Hakan (2002).
  26. ^ Başçı (2019), p. 63.
  27. ^ a b c Maisel (2018), p. 131.
  28. ^ Soyudoğan (2015).
  29. ^ Verheij (2018).
  30. ^ Flynn (2017), p. 663.
  31. ^ Aboona (2008), p. 175.
  32. ^ a b Eppel (2018), p. 42.
  33. ^ Top (1998), p. 6-9.
  34. ^ Kaplan (2015), p. 4.
  35. ^ Nusret Aydın, Diyarbakır and Mirdasiler History, 2011, p. 304-305
  36. ^ Dehqan & Genç (2019).
  37. ^ Behn (1988).
  38. ^ a b Tapper, Richard (2010). "Shahsevan". Encyclopedia Iranica.
  39. ^ Dehqn, Mustafa (2009). "Arkawāzī and His Baweyaļ: A Feylî Elegiac Verse from Piştiku". Iranian Studies. 42 (3): 409–422. doi:10.1080/00210860902907362. JSTOR 25597563. S2CID 159957313.
  40. ^ Perry, John. "ZAND DYNASTY". iranicaonline.org. Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 24 March 2017. The founder of the dynasty was Moḥammad Karim Khan b. Ināq Khan (...) of the Bagala branch of the Zand, a pastoral tribe of the Lak branch of Lors (perhaps originally Kurds; see Minorsky, p. 616) (...)
  41. ^ ...the bulk of the evidence points to their being one of the northern Lur or Lak tribes, who may originally have been immigrants of Kurdish origin., Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly, Charles Melville (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic, Cambridge University Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-521-20095-0, p. 64.
  42. ^ Matthee 2005, p. 17; Matthee 2008.
  43. ^ Amoretti & Matthee 2009.
  44. ^ Savory 2008, p. 8.
  45. ^ Kemper, Michael; Conermann, Stephan (2011). The Heritage of Soviet Oriental Studies. Routledge. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-136-83854-5. In 1992 the area of Laçin was occupied by Armeian forces; a "Kurdish Republic of Laçin" was subsequently declared by local Kurds, but this remained a rather short-lived - not to say stillborn - adventure

External links